a.

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-6x+1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\sqrt{\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{4x^2-2x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{4x^2+2x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\) ta được:

\(2a^2-b^2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}ab=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{3}}\right)\left(2a+\sqrt{3}b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=\dfrac{b}{\sqrt{3}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2=b^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(4x^2-2x+1\right)=4x^2+2x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

b.

\(x^2-3x+1+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\sqrt{\left(x^2-x+1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow2a^2-b^2+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}ab=0\)

Lặp lại cách làm câu a

\(a,Đk:x\ge0\\ PT\Leftrightarrow4x-8\sqrt{x}-7\sqrt{x}+14=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(4\sqrt{x}-7\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=4\\x=\dfrac{49}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\left(tm\right)\\ b,ĐK:x\ge0\\ PT\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}-\sqrt{3x}+1-4x^2=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1-2x}{\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{3x}}+\left(1-2x\right)\left(2x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(1-2x\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{3x}}+2x+1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1}{2}\left(tm\right)\\\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{x+1}+\sqrt{3x}}+2x+1=0\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Với \(x\ge0\Leftrightarrow\left(1\right)>0\)

Vậy PT có nghiệm \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

giải pt 

1: ĐKXĐ: x>=5/2

\(\sqrt{2x-5}-\sqrt{x+1}=0\)

=>\(\sqrt{2x-5}=\sqrt{x+1}\)

=>2x-5=x+1

=>x=6(nhận)

2: ĐKXĐ: \(x\in R\)

\(\sqrt{x^2-4x+4}=3x+1\)

=>|x-2|=3x+1

=>(x-2)^2=(3x+1)^2 và x>=-1/3

=>(3x+1-x+2)(3x+1+x-2)=0 và x>=-1/3

=>(2x+3)(4x-1)=0 và x>=-1/3

=>x=1/4

1.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge\dfrac{3+\sqrt{41}}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+x-1+2\sqrt{x\left(x^2-1\right)}=2x^2-3x-4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x-3-2\sqrt{\left(x^2-x\right)\left(x+1\right)}=0\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-x}=a>0\\\sqrt{x+1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2-3b^2-2ab=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(a-3b\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=3b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x^2-x}=3\sqrt{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-x=9\left(x+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\) (bạn tự hoàn thành nhé)

2.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x+1}=a\ge0\) pt trở thành:

\(x^3+3\left(x^2-4a^2\right)a=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3+3ax^2-4a^3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-a\right)\left(x+2a\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=x\\2a=-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x+1}=x\left(x\ge0\right)\\2\sqrt{x+1}=-x\left(x\le0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2=x+1\\x^2=4x+4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2-x-1=0\\x^2-4x-4=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}\\x=2-2\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c.

ĐLXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{1}{3}\)

\(-\left(3x+1\right)+\sqrt{3x+1}+4x^2-10x+6=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{3x+1}=t\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow-t^2+t+4x^2-10x+6=0\)

\(\Delta=1+4\left(4x^2-10x+6\right)=\left(4x-5\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{-1+4x-5}{-2}=3-2x\\t=\dfrac{-1-4x+5}{-2}=2x-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{3x+1}=3-2x\left(x\le\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\\\sqrt{3x-1}=2x-2\left(x\ge1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x+1=4x^2-12x+9\left(x\le\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\\3x-1=4x^2-8x+4\left(x\ge1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{61}{12}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow36x^2+12x-58-2\sqrt{12x+61}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(36x^2+24x+4\right)-\left(12x+61+2\sqrt{12x+61}+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(6x+2\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{12x+61}+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(6x+1-\sqrt{12x+61}\right)\left(6x+3+\sqrt{12x+61}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\) tương tự câu a

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-\dfrac{5}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2-12x-2-2\sqrt{4x+5}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(4x^2-8x+4\right)-\left(4x+5+2\sqrt{4x+5}+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-2\right)^2-\left(\sqrt{4x+5}+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-2-\sqrt{4x+5}-1\right)\left(2x-2+\sqrt{4x+5}+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-3-\sqrt{4x+5}\right)\left(2x-1+\sqrt{4x+5}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{4x+5}=2x-3\left(x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\\\sqrt{4x+5}=1-2x\left(x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}4x+5=4x^2-12x+9\left(x\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\\4x+5=4x^2-4x+1\left(x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4x^2-3x+1}=x-2-2\left|2x-3\right|\)

TH1: x>=3/2

=>\(\sqrt{4x^2-3x+1}=x-2-2\left(2x-3\right)=x-2-4x+6=-3x+4\)

=>x<=4/3 và 4x^2-3x+1=9x^2-12x+4

mà x>=3/2

nên \(x\in\varnothing\)

TH2: x<3/2

=>\(\sqrt{4x^2-3x+1}=x-2-2\left(3-2x\right)\)

=>\(\sqrt{4x^2-3x+1}=x-2-6+4x=5x-8\)

=>8/5<=x<3/2 và 25x^2-80x+64-4x^2+3x-1=0

=>8/5<=x<3/2 và 21x^2-77x+63=0

=>\(x\in\varnothing\)