a) Áp dụng bđt AM-GM có:

\(\sqrt[3]{\left(9-x\right).8.8}\le\dfrac{9-x+8+8}{3}=\dfrac{25-x}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{9-x}\le\dfrac{25-x}{12}\)

\(\sqrt[3]{\left(7+x\right).8.8}\le\dfrac{7+x+8+8}{3}=\dfrac{23+x}{3}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[3]{7+x}\le\dfrac{23+x}{12}\)

Cộng vế với vế \(\Rightarrow\sqrt[3]{9-x}+\sqrt[3]{7+x}\le4\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9-x=8\\7+x=8\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x=1\)

Vậy...

b)Đk:\(x\ge2\)

Pt \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2.\left(x^2-4\right)=\left(x-2\right)^2.\left(x^2-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x+1\right)\left(x-1\right)\)

Do \(x\ge2\Rightarrow x-1>0\)

Chia cả hai vế của pt cho x-1 ta được:

\(\left(x-1\right)\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)=\left(x-2\right)^2\left(x+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(x-1\right)\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left[x^2+x-2-x^2+3x-2\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(4x-4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(ktm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy S={2}

c)Đk:\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9-x^2\ge0\\x^2-1\ge0\\x-3\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-3\le x\le3\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge1\\x\le-1\end{matrix}\right.\\x\ge3\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow x=3\)

Thay x=3 vào pt thấy thỏa mãn

Vậy S={3}

4) Ta có: \(\left(x+3\right)\cdot\sqrt{10-x^2}=x^2-x-12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\cdot\sqrt{10-x^2}-\left(x-4\right)\left(x+3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(\sqrt{10-x^2}-x+4\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+3=0\\\sqrt{10-x^2}=x-4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\10-x^2=x^2-8x+16\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x^2-8x+16-10+x^2=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\2x^2-8x+6=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\2\left(x^2-4x+3\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\\left(x-1\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=1\\x=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(1,\sqrt{x+2+4\sqrt{x-2}}=5\left(x\ge2\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-2}+4\right)^2}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}+4=5\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}=1\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=1\Leftrightarrow x=3\\ 2,\sqrt{x+3+4\sqrt{x-1}}=2\left(x\ge1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+4\right)^2}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+4=2\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}=-2\\ \Leftrightarrow x\in\varnothing\left(\sqrt{x-1}\ge0\right)\)

\(3,\sqrt{x+\sqrt{2x-1}}=\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{1}{2};x\ne1\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow x+\sqrt{2x-1}=2\\ \Leftrightarrow x-2=-\sqrt{2x-1}\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+4=2x-1\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-6x+5=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left(x-5\right)\left(x-1\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=5\left(tm\right)\\x=1\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(4,\sqrt{x-2+\sqrt{2x-5}}=3\sqrt{2}\left(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-4+2\sqrt{2x-5}}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2x-5}+1\right)^2}=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}+1=6\\ \Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x-5}=5\\ \Leftrightarrow2x-5=25\Leftrightarrow x=15\left(TM\right)\)

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge1\)

\(\sqrt{x-1}+\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}=1+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x^3+x^2+x+1\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)-\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{x^3+x^2+x+1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x^3+x^2+x=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge-1\)

\(x^2-6x+9+x+1-4\sqrt{x+1}+4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{x+1}-2\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\\sqrt{x+1}-2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=3\)

c.

ĐKXĐ: \(-2\le x\le\dfrac{4}{5}\)

\(VT=2x+3\sqrt{4-5x}+1.\sqrt{x+2}\)

\(VT\le2x+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(9+4-5x\right)+\dfrac{1}{2}\left(1+x+2\right)=8\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(x=-1\)

d.

ĐKXĐ: \(x>1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x^2+x+1-1}{\sqrt{x^2+x+1}}=\dfrac{1-\left(x-1\right)}{\sqrt{x-1}}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+x+1}=a>0\\\sqrt{x-1}=b>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2-1}{a}=\dfrac{1-b^2}{b}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a-\dfrac{1}{a}=\dfrac{1}{b}-b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a+b-\dfrac{a+b}{ab}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b\right)\left(1-\dfrac{1}{ab}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow1-\dfrac{1}{ab}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x^2+x+1\right)=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-1=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\sqrt[3]{2}\)

\(x=1\)

b, \(đk:x\ge2\)

Xét x=2 thay vào pt thấy không thỏa mãn => x>2 hay 27x-54>0

 \(x^3-11x+36x-18=4\sqrt[4]{27x-54}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow27x^3-297x^2+972x-486=4\sqrt[4]{\left(27x-54\right).81.81.81}\le189+27x\) (cosi với 4 số dương, dấu = xảy ra khi x=5)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-11x^2+35x-25\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-5\right)^2\le0\)  (*)

Có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x>2\\\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1>0\\\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x-5\right)^2\ge0\) (2*)

Từ (*) và (2*) ,dấu = xra khi x=5 (thỏa mãn)
Vây pt có nghiệm duy nhất x=5

c,Có \(6\sqrt[3]{4x^3+x}=16x^4+5>0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4x^3+x>0\)

Có: \(16x^4+5=6\sqrt[3]{4x^3+x}\le2\left(4x^3+x+2\right)\) (theo cosi với 3 số dương,dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\))

\(\Leftrightarrow16x^4-8x^3-2x+1\le0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x-1\right)^2\left(4x^2+2x+1\right)\le0\) (*)
(tương tự câu b) Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)(thỏa mãn)
Vậy....

d) Đk: \(x\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Áp dụng bđt cosi:

 \(\sqrt{2x-1}\le\dfrac{2x-1+1}{2}=x\)

 \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}\ge\dfrac{1}{x}\) (*)

\(\sqrt[4]{4x-3}\le\dfrac{4x-3+1+1+1}{4}=x\)

\(\dfrac{\Rightarrow1}{\sqrt[4]{4x-3}}\ge\dfrac{1}{x}\) (2*)

Từ (*) và (2*) \(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x-1}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[4]{4x-3}}\ge\dfrac{2}{x}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=1 (tm)

`a)\sqrtx+\sqrt{2-x}=(3x^2-2x+3)/(x^2+1)`

`đk:0<=x<=2`

`pt<=>sqrtx-1+\sqrt{2-x}-1=(3x^2-2x+3)/(x^2+1)-2`

`<=>(x-1)/(sqrtx+1)+(1-x)/(sqrt{2-x}+1)=(x^2-2x+1)/(x^2+1)`

`<=>(x-1)/(sqrtx+1)+(1-x)/(sqrt{2-x}+1)=(x-1)^2/(x^2+1)`

`<=>(x-1)((x-1)/(x^2+1)+1/(sqrt{2-x}+1)-1/(sqrtx+1))=0`

`<=>x-1=0<=>x=1`

Vậy `S={1}`