\(\sqrt{2x^2-6x+m-3}=\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}\) (1)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-6x+m-3=x^2-2x-3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-4x+m=0\)

Phương trình (1) có đúng 1 nghiệm <=> \(\Delta'=0\) => (-2)²-1.m = 0 <=> 4-m = 0 <=> m=4

1.

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-4x+5}=t\ge1\Rightarrow x^2-4x=t^2-5\)

Pt trở thành:

\(4t=t^2-5+2m-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow t^2-4t+2m-6=0\) (1)

Pt đã cho có 4 nghiệm pb khi và chỉ khi (1) có 2 nghiệm pb đều lớn hơn 1

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\Delta'=4-\left(2m-6\right)>0\\\left(t_1-1\right)\left(t_2-1\right)>0\\\dfrac{t_1+t_2}{2}>1\\\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}10-2m>0\\t_1t_2-\left(t_1+t_1\right)+1>0\\t_1+t_2>2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m< 5\\2m-6-4+1>0\\4>2\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{9}{2}< m< 5\)

2.

Để pt đã cho có 2 nghiệm:

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\ne3\\\Delta'=1+4\left(m-3\right)\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\ne3\\m\ge\dfrac{11}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Khi đó:

\(x_1^2+x_2^2=4\Leftrightarrow\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4}{\left(m-3\right)^2}+\dfrac{8}{m-3}=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1}{\left(m-3\right)^2}+\dfrac{2}{m-3}-1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{m-3}=-1-\sqrt{2}\\\dfrac{1}{m-3}=-1+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=4-\sqrt{2}< \dfrac{11}{4}\left(loại\right)\\m=4+\sqrt{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3.

Nối AI kéo dài cắt BC tại D thì D là chân đường vuông góc của đỉnh A trên BC

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{DB}{DC}=\dfrac{AB}{AC}=\dfrac{c}{b}\)

\(\Rightarrow\overrightarrow{BD}=\dfrac{c}{b}\overrightarrow{DC}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\overrightarrow{ID}-\overrightarrow{IB}=\dfrac{c}{b}\left(\overrightarrow{IC}-\overrightarrow{ID}\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow b.\overrightarrow{IB}+\overrightarrow{c}.\overrightarrow{IC}=\left(b+c\right)\overrightarrow{ID}\) (1)

Mặt khác:

\(\dfrac{ID}{IA}=\dfrac{BD}{AB}=\dfrac{CD}{AC}=\dfrac{BD+CD}{AB+AC}=\dfrac{BC}{AB+AC}=\dfrac{a}{b+c}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(b+c\right)\overrightarrow{ID}=-a.\overrightarrow{IA}\) (2)

(1); (2) \(\Rightarrow a.\overrightarrow{IA}+b.\overrightarrow{IB}+c.\overrightarrow{IC}=\left(b+c\right)\overrightarrow{ID}-\left(b+c\right)\overrightarrow{ID}=\overrightarrow{0}\)

a, ĐK: \(x\le-1,x\ge3\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow2\left(x^2-2x-3\right)+\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-3=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}+3\right).\left(\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=-\dfrac{3}{2}\left(l\right)\\\sqrt{x^2-2x-3}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-3=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2x-4=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=1\pm\sqrt{5}\left(tm\right)\)

b, ĐK: \(-2\le x\le2\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=t\Rightarrow t^2=10-3x-4\sqrt{4-x^2}\)

Khi đó phương trình tương đương:

\(3t-t^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=0\\\sqrt{2+x}-2\sqrt{2-x}=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}2+x=8-4x\\2+x=17-4x+12\sqrt{2-x}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{6}{5}\left(tm\right)\\5x-15=12\sqrt{2-x}\left(1\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vì \(-2\le x\le2\Rightarrow5x-15< 0\Rightarrow\left(1\right)\) vô nghiệm

Vậy phương trình đã cho có nghiệm \(x=\dfrac{6}{5}\)

c, ĐK: \(0\le x\le9\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{9x-x^2}=t\left(0\le t\le\dfrac{9}{2}\right)\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow9+2\sqrt{9x-x^2}=-x^2+9x+m\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(-x^2+9x\right)+2\sqrt{9x-x^2}+9=m\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-t^2+2t+9=m\)

Khi \(m=9,pt\Leftrightarrow-t^2+2t=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=0\\t=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}9x-x^2=0\\9x-x^2=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\left(tm\right)\\x=9\left(tm\right)\\x=\dfrac{9\pm\sqrt{65}}{2}\left(tm\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Phương trình đã cho có nghiệm khi phương trình \(m=f\left(t\right)=-t^2+2t+9\) có nghiệm

\(\Leftrightarrow minf\left(t\right)\le m\le maxf\left(t\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\dfrac{9}{4}\le m\le10\)

ĐK; \(-1\le x\le3\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{-x^2+2x+3}=t\left(0\le t\le2\right)\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow m+1=-x^2+2x+3+4\sqrt{-x^2+2x+3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m+1=f\left(t\right)=t^2+4t\)

\(f\left(0\right)=0;f\left(2\right)=12\)

Yêu cầu bài toán thỏa mãn khi \(minf\left(t\right)\le m+1\le maxf\left(t\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow0\le m+1\le12\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-1\le m\le11\)

Câu 10: A

Câu 11: A

Câu 12: C

Câu 13: A

Câu 15: B

Câu 16: C

Câu 17: B

Câu 18: D

TH1 : \(x\ge m\)

\(PT\Leftrightarrow2x^2+2\left(m+1\right)x-m^2-1=x^2-2mx+m^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+2\left(2m+1\right)x-2m^2-1=0\)

Có \(\Delta^,=b^{,2}-ac=4m^2+4m+1+2m^2+1=6m^2+4m+2\)

- Thấy \(\Delta^,\ge\dfrac{4}{3}>0\)

- Nên để PT có nghiệm thì \(x_1>x_2>m\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}f\left(m\right)>0\\-\left(2m+1\right)>m\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m^2+2\left(2m+1\right)m-2m^2-1>0\\-\left(2m+1\right)-m>0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3m^2+2m-1>0\\3m+1< 0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}m< -1\\m>\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\\m< -\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m< -1\)

TH2 : \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< m\\2x^2+2\left(m+1\right)x-m^2-1\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< m\\\Delta^,=3m^2+2m+3\le0\end{matrix}\right.\)

<=> Loại .

Vậy để .... <=> m < - 1