a: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}-\dfrac{y}{3}=1\\5x-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{x}{2}=\dfrac{y}{3}+1\\5x-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\\5\cdot\left(\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\right)-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\\\dfrac{10}{3}y+10-8y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{14}{3}y=-7\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}y+2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=7:\dfrac{14}{3}=7\cdot\dfrac{3}{14}=\dfrac{3}{2}\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\cdot\dfrac{3}{2}+2=1+2=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

b: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+2y=2\\6x-3y=18\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=2-2y\\2\cdot3x-3y=18\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=2-2y\\2\left(2-2y\right)-3y=18\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}4-7y=18\\3x=2-2y\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}7y=-14\\3x=2-2y\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2\\3x=2-2\cdot\left(-2\right)=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>x=2 và y=-2

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+y\right)^2-2xy=10\\xy\left(x+y\right)+5\left(x+y\right)=32\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=u\\xy=v\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}u^2-2v=10\\uv+5u=32\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow u\left(\dfrac{u^2-10}{2}\right)+5u=32\)

\(\Leftrightarrow u^3=64\Rightarrow u=4\Rightarrow v=3\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x;y\right)=\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right)\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{5x^2+2xy+2y^2}+\sqrt{2x^2+2xy+5y^2}=3\left(x+y\right)\\\sqrt{2x+y+1}+2\sqrt[3]{7x+12y+8}=2xy+y+5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét \(pt\left(1\right)\) dễ dàng suy ra \(x+y\ge0\)

\(VT=\sqrt{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2x+y\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(2y+x\right)^2}\)

\(\ge\left|2x+y\right|+\left|2y+x\right|\ge3\left(x+y\right)\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x,y\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay vào \(pt\left(2\right)\) ta được:

\(\sqrt{3x+1}+2\sqrt[3]{19x+8}=2x^2+x+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\sqrt{3x+1}-\left(x+1\right)\right]+2\left[\sqrt[3]{19x+8}-\left(x+2\right)\right]=2x^2-2x\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-x^2\right)\left[\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+x+1}+2\cdot\dfrac{x+7}{\sqrt[3]{\left(19x+8\right)^2}+\left(x+2\right)\sqrt[3]{19x+8}+\left(x+2\right)^2}+2\right]=0\)

Do \(x;y\ge0\) nên pt trong ngoặc luôn dương

\(\Rightarrow x-x^2=0\Rightarrow x\left(1-x\right)=0\Rightarrow\)\(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Mà \(x=y\)\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=0\\x=y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) là nghiệm của hpt

thanks b đã chỉ giúp mình.tại đánh máy nên mình ko để ý^^

pt(1): 5x²+2xy+2y²>=(2x+y)² nên \(\sqrt{5x^{2^{ }}+2xy+2y^2}\ge\:\)trị tuyệt đối 2x+y.

cmtt>\(\sqrt{2x^2+2xy+5y^2}\ge\)trị tuyệt đối x+ 2y.

>mà tt đối 2x+y cộng ttđ x+2y>= 3(x+y).

>(1)>=3(x+y).

đâu = xảy ra khi và chỉ khi x=y.

thay x=y >=0 vào (2):

\(\sqrt{3x+1}+2\sqrt[3]{19x+8}\) = 2x²+x+5.

<=>\(\left(\sqrt{3x+1}-\left(x+1\right)\right)\)+\(\left(2\sqrt[3]{19x+8}-\left(x+2\right)\right)\)= 2x²- 2x.

nhân liên hợp ta đc:

(x²-x)*(\(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3x+1}+x+1}+2\dfrac{x+7}{\sqrt[3]{19x+18}+\left(x+2\right)\left(\sqrt[3]{19x+18}\right)+\left(x+2\right)^2}=0\)

dễ thấy phần *>0 với mọi x,ytheo đk của (1)

>(x² -x)=0

>x=0 hoặc x=1

>(x,y)=(0,0); (1,1).

vậy....

\(\begin{aligned} &\text { Điêu kiện }\left\{\begin{array}{l} 2 x+y \geq 0 \\ x-2 y+1 \geq 0 \end{array}\right.\\ &\text { Ta có hệ phương trình dã cho } \Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l} 3 \sqrt{2 x+y}+\sqrt{x-2 y+1}=5 \\ 2 \sqrt{x-2 y+1}-(5 x+10 y)=9 \end{array}\right.\\ &\text { Đặt } u=\sqrt{2 x+y},(\mathrm{u} \geq 0) \text { và } v=\sqrt{x-2 y+1},(v \geq 0)\\ &\text { Suy ra }\left\{\begin{array}{l} 2 x+y=u^{2} \\ x-2 y+1=v^{2} \end{array} \Rightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l} 2 x+y=u^{2} \\ x-2 y=v^{2}-1 \end{array}\right.\right.\\ &\text { Ta có } 5 x+10 y=m(2 x+y)+n(x-2 y), \text { suy ra }\left\{\begin{array}{l} 2 m+n=5 \\ m-2 n=10 \end{array} \Rightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l} m=4 \\ n=-3 \end{array}\right.\right.\\ &\text { Vậy } 5 x+10 y=4(2 x+y)-3(x-2 y)=4 u^{2}-3\left(v^{2}-1\right) \end{aligned}\)

\(\text{Vậy ta có hệ phương trình}: \begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {3u + v = 5}\\ {2v - \left( {4{u^2} - 3{v^2} + 3} \right) = 9} \end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {v = 5 - 3u}\\ {4{u^2} - 3{v^2} - 2v + 12 = 0} \end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}{l}} {v = 5 - 3u}\\ {23{u^2} - 96u + 73 = 0} \end{array}} \right. \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{array}{l} \left\{ \begin{array}{l} u = 1\\ v = 2 \end{array} \right.\\ \left\{ \begin{array}{l} u = \dfrac{{73}}{{23}}\\ v = - \dfrac{{104}}{{23}} \end{array} \right. \end{array} \right.} \end{array}\)

\(\text{Trường hợp 1}: \left\{\begin{array}{l}u=1 \\ v=2\end{array} \Rightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l}2 x+y=1 \\ x-2 y=3\end{array} \Leftrightarrow\left\{\begin{array}{l}x=1 \\ y=-1\end{array}\right. (tm) \right.\right.\\ \text{Trường hợp 2}: \left\{\begin{array}{l}u=\dfrac{73}{23} \\ v=-\dfrac{104}{23}\end{array}\right. (ktm \left.v \geq 0\right)\\ \text{Vậy hệ phương trình đã cho có nghiệm} \left\{\begin{array}{l}x=1 \\ y=-1\end{array}\right..\)

Xét hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y+xy^2=6x^2\left(1\right)\\1+x^2y^2=5x^2\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Từ (2) => x # 0

Chia 2 vế của mỗi PT cho x² ta được \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{y}{x^2}+\dfrac{y^2}{x}=6\\\dfrac{1}{x^2}+y^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt \(a=\dfrac{1}{x}\) ta có \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2y+ay^2=6\\a^2+y^2=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}ay\left(a+y\right)=6\\\left(a+y\right)^2-2ay=5\end{matrix}\right.\)

Đặt t = a + y, z =ay (t² \(\ge\) 4z)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}tz=6\\t^2-2z=5\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}z=\dfrac{t^2-5}{2}\\t^3-5t-12=0\left(3\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

(3) <=> (t - 3)(t² + 3t + 4) = 0 <=> t = 3 => z = 2

Vậy \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+y=3\\a.y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a=1;y=2\right)\) hoặc \(\left(a=2;y=1\right)\)

Hệ thức có hai nghiệm (x = 1; y = 2), (x = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) ; x = 1)