\(A=x^2+y^2+z^2-yz-4x-3y+2027\)

\(\Rightarrow4A=4x^2+4y^2+4z^2-4yz-16x-12y+8108=4x^2-16x+16+3y^2+12y+12+y^2-4yz+4z^2+8080=4\left(x-2\right)^2+3\left(y+2\right)^2+\left(y-2z\right)^2+8080\)

Vì \(4\left(x-2\right)^2\ge0\)

    \(3\left(y+2\right)^2\ge0\)

     \(\left(y-2z\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow4A\ge8080\Rightarrow A\ge2020\)

\(ĐTXR\Leftrightarrow x=2,y=-2,z=-1\)

Lời giải:

a. Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:

$x^4+9\geq 6x^2$

$y^4+9\geq 6y^2$

$\Rightarrow x^4+y^4+18\geq 6(x^2+y^2)$

$A+18\geq 36$

$A\geq 18$

Vậy GTNN của $A$ là $18$ khi $x^2=y^2=3$

b.

$(x-y)^2\geq 0$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\geq 2xy$

$\Leftrightarrow 2(x^2+y^2)\geq (x+y)^2$

$\Leftrightarrow 12\geq (x+y)^2$

$\Rightarrow B=x+y\leq \sqrt{12}$. Vậy $B$ max bằng $\sqrt{12}$ khi $x=y=\sqrt{3}$

$(x-y)^2\geq 0$

$\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2\geq 2xy$

$\Leftrightarrow 6\geq 2C$

$\Leftrightarrow C\leq 3$. Vậy $C_{\max}=3$. Giá trị này đạt tại $x=y=-\sqrt{3}$

a) Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cosi ta có :

\(x^2+1\geq 2x\\ 4y^2+1\geq 4y\\ 9z^2+1\geq 6z\)

Suy ra \(S\leq 6\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi \(x=1;y=\frac{1}{2}; z=\frac{1}{3}\)

\(x^2+y^2+xy=3\)

Có \(x^2+y^2\ge2xy\) \(\Rightarrow3=x^2+y^2+xy\ge2xy+xy\) \(\Leftrightarrow xy\le1\)

\(x^2+y^2\ge-2xy\) \(\Rightarrow3=x^2+y^2+xy\ge-2xy+xy\) \(\Leftrightarrow-3\le xy\) 

Đặt A= \(x^2+y^2-xy=\left(3-xy\right)-xy=3-2xy\)

mà \(-3\le xy\le1\) \(\Rightarrow9\ge3-2xy\ge1\)

=> minA=1 <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=1\\x=y\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>x=y=1

maxA=9 <=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}xy=-3\\x=-y\end{matrix}\right.\) <=>\(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\sqrt{3};-\sqrt{3}\right);\left(-\sqrt{3};\sqrt{3}\right)\)

Đặt \(P=x^2+y^2-xy\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-xy}{3}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-xy}{x^2+y^2+xy}\)

\(\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{3x^2+3y^2-3xy}{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2+xy+2\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)}{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)}\)

\(\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2\left(x-y\right)^2}{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)}\ge\dfrac{1}{3}\Rightarrow P\ge1\)

\(P_{min}=1\) khi \(x=y=1\)

\(\dfrac{P}{3}=\dfrac{x^2+y^2-xy}{x^2+y^2+xy}=\dfrac{3\left(x^2+y^2+xy\right)-2\left(x^2+y^2+2xy\right)}{x^2+y^2+xy}=3-\dfrac{2\left(x+y\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+xy}\le3\)

\(\Rightarrow P\le9\)

\(P_{max}=9\) khi \(\left(x;y\right)=\left(\sqrt{3};-\sqrt{3}\right);\left(-\sqrt{3};\sqrt{3}\right)\)

Bài 1: 

\(A=x^2+6x+9+x^2-10x+25\)

\(=2x^2+4x+34\)

\(=2\left(x^2+2x+17\right)\)

\(=2\left(x+1\right)^2+32>=32\forall x\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-1