Chứng minh bằng phép biến đổi tương đương:

1.

\(\Leftrightarrow4+x+y\ge4\sqrt{x+y}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y-4\sqrt{x+y}+4\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x+y}-2\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng

2.

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+z}{xyz}\ge\dfrac{4}{x^2+yz}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(y+z\right)\left(x^2+yz\right)\ge4xyz\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y+x^2z+y^2z+z^2y-4xyz\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(x^2+z^2-2xz\right)+z\left(x^2+y^2-2xy\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(x-z\right)^2+z\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\) (đúng)

Nesbit:v dài

Nham ko phai Nesbit, Cauchy-Schwarz ra luon

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+y}{xy}>=\dfrac{1}{x+y}:\dfrac{1}{4}=\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2>=4xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-y\right)^2>=0\)(luôn đúng)

PP : biến đổi tương đương

Bài làm

Ta có \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{y+x}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+x\right)}{xy\left(x+y\right)}\ge\dfrac{4xy}{\left(x+y\right)xy}\)

Vì x , y >0 , ta suy ra (x+y)² \(\ge\)4xy

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2-4xy\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\)

Hay (x-y)² \(\ge\)0 ( điều này luôn đúng )

Vậy..........

Còn cách dùng BĐT AM-GM nữa:

Vì x^2\(\ge\)0 và y²\(\ge\)0

=> Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

x² + y² \(\ge\)\(2\sqrt{x^2\cdot y^2}\)=\(2xy\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+2xy\ge2xy+2xy\)=\(4xy\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)

Chia cả 2 vế của BĐT cho \(xy\left(x+y\right)\) ta có:

\(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4xy}{xy\left(x+y\right)}=\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)(đpcm)

đpcm\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\dfrac{x+y}{xy}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x+y\right)^2\ge4xy\)(do x,y>0)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2+2xy+y^2\ge4xy\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(x^2-2xy+y^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\)

Do \(\left(x-y\right)^2\ge0\forall x,y\)nên \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}\ge\dfrac{4}{x+y}\forall x,y>0\)

\(\sum\dfrac{x^4y}{x^2+1}=\sum\dfrac{x^3.\dfrac{1}{z}}{x^2+xyz}=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{z\left(x+yz\right)}=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{xz+1}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy-schwarz:

\(Vt=\sum\dfrac{x^2}{xz+1}\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{xy+yz+xz+3}\)

mà theo AM-GM: \(xy+yz+xz\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^2y^2z^2}=3\)

hay \(3\le xy+yz+xz\)

do đó \(VT\ge\dfrac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}\ge\dfrac{3\left(xy+yz+zx\right)}{2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=y=z=1

P/s: Câu này khoai

Xét \(\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)}{25}-\dfrac{2}{5}=\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}+\dfrac{3a-16}{25}=\dfrac{\left(3a-4\right)\left(a-2\right)^2}{25\left(a^2+1\right)}\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a}{a^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)}{25}\)

CMTT \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b}{b^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(b-2\right)}{25}\\\dfrac{c}{c^2+1}\ge\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(c-2\right)}{25}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Cộng vế theo vế:

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a-2\right)+3\left(b-2\right)+3\left(c-2\right)}{25}\ge\dfrac{6}{5}-\dfrac{3\left(a+b+c-6\right)}{25}=\dfrac{6}{5}\)

Dấu \("="\Leftrightarrow a=b=c=2\)