\(2\left(x^2+2\right)=5\sqrt{x^3+1}\left(đk:x\ge-1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left[\left(x^2-x+1\right)+\left(x+1\right)\right]=5\sqrt{\left(x+1\right)\left(x^2-x+1\right)}\)

Đặt \(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x^2+1}=a\left(a\ge0\right)\\\sqrt{x^2-x+1}=b\left(b>0\right)\end{cases}}\)

Tìm được \(\orbr{\begin{cases}a=2b\\b=2a\end{cases}}\)

TH1: a=2b => phương trình vô nghiệm

TH2: b=2a ta được \(x_1=\frac{5+\sqrt{37}}{2};x_2=\frac{5-\sqrt{37}}{2}\left(tmđk\right)\)

a) Điều kiện $x \ge -5$. Đặt $\sqrt{x+5}=a$ thì $x=a^2-5$. Thay vào ta có $$\begin{array}{l} (a^2-5)^2-7(a^2-5)=6a-30 \\ \Leftrightarrow a^4-17a^2-6a+90=0 \Leftrightarrow (a^2+6a+10)(a-3)^2=0 \end{array}$$

Vậy $a=3 \Leftrightarrow \boxed{ x= 4}$.

Lời giải:
Đặt $\sqrt[3]{x+1}=a;\sqrt[3]{x-1}=b$ thì pt trở thành:

\(\left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+b^2+ab=1\\ a^3-b^3=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+ab+b^2=1\\ (a-b)(a^2+ab+b^2)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a^2+ab+b^2=1\\ a-b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} (a-b)^2+3ab=1\\ a-b=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} a(-b)=1\\ a+(-b)=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo đl Viet đảo thì $a,-b$ là nghiệm của pt $X^2-2X+1=0$

$\Rightarrow a=-b=1$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt[3]{x+1}=1; \sqrt[3]{x-1}=-1$

$\Rightarrow x=0$

Vậy.........

a/ ĐKXĐ: \(x^2+5x+2\ge0\Rightarrow x...\left(casio\right)\)

\(x^2+5x-2-3\sqrt{x^2+5x+2}=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+5x+2}=a\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4-4-3a=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-1< 0\left(l\right)\\a=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+5x+2}=4\Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-14=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-7\end{matrix}\right.\)

b/ \(x^2-6x+9+3x-22-\sqrt{x^2-3x+7}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x+7-\sqrt{x^2-3x+7}-20=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2-3x+7}=a>0\)

\(a^2-a-20=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=5\\a=-4< 0\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2-3x+7}=5\Leftrightarrow x^2-3x-18=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-3\\x=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

c/ĐKXĐ: \(\left[{}\begin{matrix}x\ge-1\\x\le-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x^2+3x+2-\sqrt{x^2+3x+2}-6=0\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+3x+2}=a\ge0\)

\(a^2-a-6=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}a=-2< 0\left(l\right)\\a=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x^2+3x+2}=3\Leftrightarrow x^2+3x-7=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{-3+\sqrt{37}}{2}\\x=\dfrac{-3-\sqrt{37}}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(ĐK:x\in R\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{x^2+3}=t\left(t\ge0\right)\)

\(PT\Leftrightarrow2t^2-\left(7x+1\right)t+3x^2+3x=0\\ \Delta=\left(7x+1\right)^2-4\cdot2\left(3x^2+3x\right)=25x^2-10x+1=\left(5x-1\right)^2\ge0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{7x+1-5x+1}{4}\\t=\dfrac{7x+1+5x-1}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=\dfrac{2x+2}{4}=\dfrac{x+1}{2}\\t=\dfrac{12x}{4}=3x\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x^2+3}=\dfrac{x+1}{2}\\\sqrt{x^2+3}=3x\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x^2+3=\dfrac{x^2+2x+1}{4}\\x^2+3=9x^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}3x^2-2x+11=0\\x^2=\dfrac{3}{8}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\Delta=4-132< 0\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{4}\\x=-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy \(S=\left\{-\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{4};\dfrac{\sqrt{6}}{4}\right\}\)