a: \(A=x^2+4x+4+3=\left(x+2\right)^2+3\ge3\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-2
b: \(B=x^2-4x+3+11\)
\(=x^2-4x+4+10\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)^2+10\ge10\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=2
c: \(C=-4x^2+4x+5\)
\(=-\left(4x^2-4x-5\right)\)
\(=-\left(4x^2-4x+1-6\right)\)
\(=-\left(2x-1\right)^2+6\le6\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=1/2
d: \(D=-\left(x^2+4x+y^2-2y\right)\)
\(=-\left(x^2+4x+4+y^2-2y+1-5\right)\)
\(=-\left(x+2\right)^2-\left(y-1\right)^2+5\le5\)
Dấu '=' xảy ra khi x=-2 và y=1