a) (a+b)2 = (a-b)2 +4ab
⇔ (a+b)2 = a2 - 2ab + b2 +4ab
⇔ (a+b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2
⇔ (a+b)2 = (a+b)2
⇒ (a+b)2 = (a-b)2 +4ab (dpcm)
b) (a-b)2 = (a+b)2 - 4ab
⇔ (a-b)2 = a2 + 2ab + b2 - 4ab
⇔ (a-b)2 = a2 - 2ab + b2
⇔ (a-b)2 = (a-b)2
⇒ (a-b)2 = (a+b)2 - 4ab (dpcm)
c) (a2 + b2) (x2 + y2) = (ax - by)2 + ( ay + bx)2
⇔ (a2 + b2) (x2 + y2) = (ax)2 - 2axby + (by)2 + (ay)2 + 2axby + (bx)2
⇔ (a2 + b2) (x2 + y2) = (ax)2 + (by)2 + (ay)2 + (bx)2
⇔ (a2 + b2) (x2 + y2) = a2(x2 + y2) + b2(x2 + y2)
⇔ (a2 + b2) (x2 + y2) = (x2 + y2)(b2 + a2)
⇒ (a2 + b2) (x2 + y2) = (ax - by)2 + ( ay + bx)2 (dpcm)