a, \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^3+y^3\right)=280\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left(x^2+y^2\right)\left(x^2+y^2-xy\right)=70\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left(16-2xy\right)\left(16-3xy\right)=70\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\3x^2y^2-40xy+93=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\\left[{}\begin{matrix}xy=\dfrac{31}{3}\\xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=3\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=4\\xy=\dfrac{31}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Phương trình này vô nghiệm

Vậy hệ đã cho có nghiệm \(\left(x;y\right)\in\left\{\left(1;3\right);\left(3;1\right)\right\}\)

b, ĐK: \(xy>0\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{\dfrac{2x}{y}}+\sqrt{\dfrac{2y}{x}}=3\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2x}{y}+\dfrac{2y}{x}+4=9\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(x^2+y^2\right)=5xy\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(2x-y\right)\left(x-2y\right)=0\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}2x=y\\x=2y\end{matrix}\right.\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x\\2x^2-x-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=2x\\\left(x+1\right)\left(2x-3\right)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=-2\\x=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=3\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y\\x-y+xy=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2y\\2y^2+y-3=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\y=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

1)Điều kiện: \(x + y > 0\)\((1) \Leftrightarrow (x + y)^2 - 2xy + \dfrac{2xy}{x + y} - 1 = 0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x + y)^3 - 2xy(x + y) + 2xy -(x + y) = 0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x+y)[(x+y)^2- 1]-2xy(x+y-1)=0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x+y)(x+y+1)(x+y-1)-2xy(x+y-1)=0 \\ \Leftrightarrow (x + y - 1)[(x+y)(x + y + 1)-2xy] = 0 \\ \Leftrightarrow \left[ \begin{matrix}x + y = 1 \,\, (3) \\ x^2+y^2+x+y=0 \,\, (4) \end{matrix} \right.\)(4) vô nghiệm vì x + y > 0

Thế (3) vào (2) , giải được nghiệm của hệ :\((x =1 ; y = 0)\)và \((x = -2 ; y = 3)\)

\((1)\Leftrightarrow (x-2y)+(2x^3-4x^2y)+(xy^2-2y^3)=0\)\(\Leftrightarrow (x-2y)(1+2x^2+y^2)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=2y\)(vì \(1+2x^2+y^2>0, \forall x,y\))

Thay vào phương trình (2) giải dễ dàng.

Điều kiện:\(9y^2+(2y+3)(y-x)\geq 0;xy\geq 0;-1\leq x\leq 1\)

Từ phương trình thứ nhất có \(x\geq 0\Rightarrow y\geq 0\)

Xét \(\left\{\begin{matrix} x=0\\ y=0 \end{matrix}\right.\) thỏa mãn hệ

Xét x,y không đồng thời bằng 0, ta có

\(\sqrt{9y^2+(2y+3)(y-x)}-3x+4\sqrt{xy}-4x=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \frac{9y^2+(2y+3)(y-x)-9x^2}{\sqrt{9y^2+(2y-3)(y-x)+3x}}+\frac{4(xy-x^2)}{\sqrt{xy}+x}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow (y-x)\left [ \frac{11y+9x+3}{\sqrt{11y^2+(2y-3)(y-x)+3x}}+\frac{4x}{\sqrt{xy}+x} \right ]=0\Leftrightarrow y=x\)

Tới đây thay vào phương trình (2) giải dễ dàng.

Câu 1 \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+2y+2xy=10\left(1\right)\\x^2+y^2=5\left(2\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>2.(2) - (1)=\(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2=0\)

<=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-1=0\\y-1=0\\x-y=0\end{matrix}\right.\) =>x=y=1

Câu 2 dùng vi-et đảo

Câu 3 rút x=y+1 từ pt trên rồi thế xuống dưới

Câu 4 lấy pt trên cộng pt dưới rồi xét dấu GTTĐ

a, ĐK: \(x,y\ge0\)

\(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3\sqrt{y}}{\sqrt{x+3}-\sqrt{x}}=3\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=\sqrt{x+3}\\\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}=x+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x+3}=x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+3=x^2+2x+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(x+2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\x=-2\left(l\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Thay \(x=1\) vào hệ phương trình đã cho ta được \(y=1\)

Vậy pt đã cho có nghiệm \(x=y=1\)

b, \(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=\left(y+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\\x^2+y^2=3\left(x+y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x+y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\\x^2+y^2=3\left(x+y\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=y\\x^2-3x=0\end{matrix}\right.\left(1\right)\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-1\\x^2+y^2=-3\end{matrix}\right.\left(vn\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(1\right)\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=y=3\\x=y=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

Vậy ...

c, Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=a\\xy=b\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(hpt\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2+xy=7\\\left(x^2+y^2\right)^2-x^2y^2=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=7\\a^2-b^2=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a+b=7\\a-b=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=5\\b=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+y^2=5\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x+y\right)^2=9\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y=\pm3\)

TH1: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

TH2: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=-3\\xy=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-1\\y=-2\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-2\\y=-1\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

1.

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2y-\sqrt{xy}=0\\\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{2y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(pt\left(1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\sqrt{y}\right)=0\\ \Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=-\sqrt{y}\\\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{2y}\end{matrix}\right.\)

cái đầu tiên loại vì x=y=0 không phải là nghiệm của hệ

suy ra x=2y thày vào pt(2) ta thấy 0 = 1 vô lý

vậy pt vô nghiệm

a.

ĐKXĐ: \(1\le x\le7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+2\sqrt{7-x}-\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(7-x\right)}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-1}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)-\sqrt{7-x}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-\sqrt{7-x}\right)\left(\sqrt{x-1}-2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x-1}=\sqrt{7-x}\\\sqrt{x-1}=2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-1=7-x\\x-1=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

b. ĐKXĐ: ...

Biến đổi pt đầu:

\(x\left(y-1\right)-\left(y-1\right)^2=\sqrt{y-1}-\sqrt{x}\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\sqrt{x}=a\ge0\\\sqrt{y-1}=b\ge0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2b^2-b^4=b-a\)

\(\Leftrightarrow b^2\left(a+b\right)\left(a-b\right)+a-b=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)\left(b^2\left(a+b\right)+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x}=\sqrt{y-1}\Rightarrow y=x+1\)

Thế vào pt dưới:

\(3\sqrt{5-x}+3\sqrt{5x-4}=2x+7\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x-\sqrt{5x-4}\right)+7-x-3\sqrt{5-x}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{3\left(x^2-5x+4\right)}{x+\sqrt{5x-4}}+\dfrac{x^2-5x+4}{7-x+3\sqrt{5-x}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2-5x+4\right)\left(\dfrac{3}{x+\sqrt{5x-4}}+\dfrac{1}{7-x+3\sqrt{5-x}}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

a/ \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\left(x^2+x\right)+\left(y^2+y\right)=18\\\left(x^2+x\right)\left(y^2+y\right)=72\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo Viet đảo, \(x^2+x\) và \(y^2+y\) là nghiệm của:

\(t^2-18t+72=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}t=12\\t=6\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x=6\\y^2+y=12\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2+x=12\\y^2+y=6\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\left\{2;-3\right\}\\y=\left\{3;-4\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\left\{3;-4\right\}\\y=\left\{2;-3\right\}\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

b/ ĐKXĐ: ...

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y+1}=1\\x=\frac{3y-1}{y}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Nhận thấy \(y=\frac{1}{3}\) không phải nghiệm

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y+1}=1\\\frac{1}{x}=\frac{y}{3y-1}\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\frac{y}{3y-1}+\frac{1}{y+1}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y\left(y+1\right)+3y-1=\left(3y-1\right)\left(y+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-y=0\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}y=0\left(l\right)\\y=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=2\)

c/ ĐKXĐ: ...

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+3y=xy+5\\y+1=xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x+2y-1=5\\y+1=xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\y+1=xy\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow y+1=\left(3-y\right)y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow y^2-2y+1=0\Rightarrow y=1\Rightarrow x=2\)