1. 1/x + 2/1-x = (1/x - 1) + (2/1-x - 2) + 3

= 1-x/x + (2-2(1-x))/1-x  + 3

= 1-x/x + 2x/1-x + 3    >= 2√2 + 3

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x =√2 - 1

2. a = √z-1, b = √x-2, c = √y-3 (a,b,c >=0)

=> P = √z-1 / z + √x-2 / x + √y-3 / y 

= a/a^2+1 + b/b^2+2 + c/c^2+3

a^2+1 >= 2a              => a/a^2+1 <= 1/2

b^2+2 >= 2√2 b          => b/b^2+2 <= 1/2√2

c^2+3 >= 2√3 c            => c/c^2+3 <= 1/2√3

=> P <= 1/2 + 1/2√2 + 1/2√3

Dấu = xảy ra khi a^2 = 1, b^2 = 2, c^2 =3

<=> z-1 = 1, x-2 = 2, y-3 = 3

<=> x=4, y=6, z=2

\(a,A=\left(\dfrac{x+14\sqrt{x}-5}{x-25}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+5}\right):\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2}{\sqrt{x}-5}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\left(\dfrac{x+14\sqrt{x}-5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\right).\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\left(\dfrac{x+14\sqrt{x}-5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}+\dfrac{x-5\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\right).\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{x+14\sqrt{x}-5+x-5\sqrt{x}}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{2x+9\sqrt{x}-5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}.\dfrac{\sqrt{x}-5}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{2x+10\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-5}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-1}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

a: \(P\in Z\)

=>căn x+2-2 chia hết cho căn x+2

=>căn x+2 thuộc Ư(-2)

=>căn x+2=2

=>x=0

b: \(P=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+2-2}{\sqrt{x}+2}=1-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{x}+2}\)

căn x+2>=2

=>2/căn x+2<=1

=>-2/căn x+2>=-1

=>P>=0

Dấu = xảy ra khi x=0

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Lời giải:
a. \(B=\frac{3(\sqrt{x}+1)}{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}-\frac{\sqrt{x}+5}{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}=\frac{3(\sqrt{x}+1)-(\sqrt{x}+5)}{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}=\frac{2(\sqrt{x}-1)}{(\sqrt{x}-1)(\sqrt{x}+1)}=\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

b.

\(P=2AB+\sqrt{x}=2.\frac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+2}.\frac{2}{\sqrt{x}+1}+\sqrt{x}=\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}+2}+\sqrt{x}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô-si:

$P=\frac{4}{\sqrt{x}+2}+(\sqrt{x}+2)-2\geq 2\sqrt{4}-2=2$

Vậy $P_{\min}=2$ khi $\sqrt{x}+2=2\Leftrightarrow x=0$

Với \(x\ge\dfrac{5}{2}\)có: \(A=x+\sqrt{2x-5}\ge\dfrac{5}{2}+0=\dfrac{5}{2}\)

Dấu '=' xảy ra \(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow A_{min}=\dfrac{5}{2}\)

N=\(\dfrac{x\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{2x}\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{x}\right)}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)}\)

N=\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2}}\)=1