a.

\(3\sqrt{-x^2+x+6}\ge2\left(1-2x\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-x^2+x+6\ge0\\1-2x< 0\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}1-2x\ge0\\9\left(-x^2+x+6\right)\ge4\left(1-2x\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-2\le x\le3\\x>\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\\25\left(x^2-x-2\right)\le0\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{2}< x\le3\\\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\le\dfrac{1}{2}\\-1\le x\le2\end{matrix}\right.\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow-1\le x\le3\)

b.

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}-2\sqrt{x}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2+8x+5-16x}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2x^2-4x+5-4x}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-8x+5\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{4\pm\sqrt{6}}{2}\)

Câu b còn 1 cách giải nữa:

Với \(x=0\) không phải nghiệm

Với \(x>0\) , chia 2 vế cho \(\sqrt{x}\) ta được:

\(\sqrt{2x+8+\dfrac{5}{x}}+\sqrt{2x-4+\dfrac{5}{x}}=6\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{2x-4+\dfrac{5}{x}}=t>0\Leftrightarrow2x+8+\dfrac{5}{x}=t^2+12\)

Phương trình trở thành:

\(\sqrt{t^2+12}+t=6\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{t^2+12}=6-t\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}6-t\ge0\\t^2+12=\left(6-t\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}t\le6\\12t=24\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow t=2\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x-4+\dfrac{5}{x}}=2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x-4+\dfrac{5}{x}=4\)

\(\Rightarrow2x^2-8x+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

\(3\sqrt{8x^2+3}-8x=6\sqrt{2x^2-2x+1}-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\sqrt{8x^2+3}-2\sqrt{2x^2-2x+1}\right)-8x+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{3\left(8x-1\right)}{\sqrt{8x^2+1}+2\sqrt{2x^2-2x+1}}-\left(8x-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(8x-1\right)\left[\frac{3}{\sqrt{8x^2+3}+2\sqrt{2x^2-2x+1}}-1\right]=0\)

<=> 8x-1=0

<=> x=\(\frac{1}{8}\)

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ge0\)

\(\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}-4\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}-2\sqrt{x}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{2x^2-8x+5}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2-8x+5\right)\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2+8x+5}+4\sqrt{x}}+\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2x^2-4x+5}+2\sqrt{x}}\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-8x+5=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow...\)

Đk:\(x\ge\frac{4}{5}\)

\(pt\Leftrightarrow2x-1+\sqrt{5x-4}-\sqrt{8x^2+2x-6}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{5x-4}-\left(2x-1\right)\right)-\left(\sqrt{8x^2+2x-6}-\left(4x-2\right)\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(5x-4\right)-\left(2x-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{5x-4}+2x-1}-\frac{\left(8x^2+2x-6\right)-\left(4x-2\right)^2}{\sqrt{8x^2+2x-6}+4x-2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{-\left(x-1\right)\left(4x-5\right)}{\sqrt{5x-4}+2x-1}-\frac{-2\left(x-1\right)\left(4x-5\right)}{\sqrt{8x^2+2x-6}+4x-2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(x-1\right)\left(4x-5\right)\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{5x-4}+2x-1}-\frac{2}{\sqrt{8x^2+2x-6}+4x-2}\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x-1=0\\4x-5=0\end{cases}}\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=1\\x=\frac{5}{4}\end{cases}}\) (thỏa mãn)

PT \(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{2\left(x+1\right)\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)}-2\left(x+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+1}\left(\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{x-1}-2\sqrt{x+1}\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x+1}=0\\\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{x-1}-2\sqrt{x+1}=0\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\orbr{\begin{cases}x=-1\\\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{x-1}=2\sqrt{x+1}\end{cases}}\)

Xét \(\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)}+\sqrt{x-1}=2\sqrt{x+1}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+3\right)+x-1+2\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=4\left(x+1\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{2\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)}=x-1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow8\left(x+3\right)\left(x-1\right)-\left(x-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)\left(7x+25\right)=0\Rightarrow x=1\) ( t/m)

Vậy nghiệm của PT là : \(x=\pm1\)

Chúc bạn học tốt !!!