\(A\le\sqrt{3\left(x+y+y+z+z+x\right)}=\sqrt{6\left(x+y+z\right)}\le\sqrt{6.\sqrt{3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)}}=\sqrt{6\sqrt{3}}\)

\(A_{max}=\sqrt{6\sqrt{3}}\) khi \(x=y=z=\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{3}}\)

Do \(x^2+y^2+z^2=1\Rightarrow0\le x;y;z\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2\le x\\y^2\le y\\z^2\le z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge x^2+y^2+z^2=1\)

\(A^2=2\left(x+y+z\right)+2\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(x+z\right)}+2\sqrt{\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)}+2\sqrt{\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)

\(A^2=2\left(x+y+z\right)+2\sqrt{x^2+xy+yz+zx}+2\sqrt{y^2+xy+yz+zx}+2\sqrt{z^2+xy+yz+zx}\)

\(A^2\ge2\left(x+y+z\right)+2\sqrt{x^2}+2\sqrt{y^2}+2\sqrt{z^2}=4\left(x+y+z\right)\ge4\)

\(\Rightarrow A\ge2\)

\(A_{min}=2\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(0;0;1\right)\) và các hoán vị

\(\Leftrightarrow3x^2+2y^2+2z^2+2yz=2\)

\(\Rightarrow2\ge3x^2+2y^2+2z^2+y^2+z^2\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow2\ge3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\)

Có: \(\left(x+y+z\right)^2\le3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\le2\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(A^2\le2\) \(\Leftrightarrow A\in\left[-\sqrt{2};\sqrt{2}\right]\)

minA=-1\(\Leftrightarrow\)\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=-\sqrt{2}\\x=y=z\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\Rightarrow x=y=z=-\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)

maxA=1\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y+z=\sqrt{2}\\x=y=z\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=y=z=\dfrac{\sqrt{2}}{3}\)

\(M=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{16}}{x^2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=\dfrac{49}{16}\)

\(M_{min}=\dfrac{49}{16}\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{7}};\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{14}};\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{7}}\right)\)

Dùng phương pháp chặn :

x \(\le\) y \(\le\) z \(\Rightarrow\) x² \(\le\) y² \(\le\) z² \(\Rightarrow\) x² + y² + z² \(\le\) 3z² 

\(\Rightarrow\) 3z² \(\ge\) 34 \(\Leftrightarrow\) z² \(\ge\) 34/3  (1)

x² + y² + z²  = 34 mà x,y,z \(\in\) N \(\Rightarrow\) z² \(\le\) 34 (2)

Kết hợp (1) và (2) ta có : 

34/3  \(\le\) z² \(\le\)  34 

\(\Rightarrow\) z² \(\in\) { 16; 25}

vì z \(\in\) N\(\Rightarrow\) z \(\in\) { 4; 5}

th1 Z = 4 ta có :

x² + y² + 16 = 34

x² + y² = 12 

x \(\le\) y \(\Rightarrow\) x² \(\le\)y² \(\Rightarrow\) x² + y² \(\le\) 2y² \(\Rightarrow\) 12 \(\le\)2y² \(\Rightarrow\) y² \(\ge\) 6 (*)

x² + y² = 12 \(\Rightarrow\) y² \(\le\) 12 (**)

Kết hợp (*) và (**) ta có :

6 \(\le\) y² \(\le\) 12 \(\Rightarrow\) y² = 9 vì y \(\in\) N\(\Rightarrow\) y = 3

với y = 3 ta có : x² + 3² = 12 \(\Rightarrow\) x² = 12-9 = 3 \(\Rightarrow\) x = +- \(\sqrt{3}\)(loại vì x \(\in\) N)

th2 : z = 5 ta có :

x² + y² + 25 = 34

\(\Rightarrow\) x² + y² = 34 - 25  = 9

x \(\le\) y \(\Rightarrow\) x² \(\le\) y² \(\Rightarrow\) x² + y² \(\le\)2y² \(\Rightarrow\) 2y² \(\ge\) 9 \(\Rightarrow\) y² \(\ge\) 9/2 (a)

x² + y² = 9 \(\Rightarrow\) y² \(\le\) 9 (b)

Kết hợp (a) và (b) ta có :

9/2 \(\le\) y² \(\le\) 9 \(\Rightarrow\) y² = 9 vì y \(\in\) N \(\Rightarrow\) y = 3

với y = 3 \(\Rightarrow\) x² + 3² = 9 \(\Rightarrow\) x² = 0 \(\Rightarrow\) x = 0

kết luận (x; y; z) =( 0; 3; 5) là nghiệm duy nhất thỏa mãn pt 

\(M=\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{16}}{x^2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{4}}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\ge\dfrac{\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)^2}{x^2+y^2+z^2}=\dfrac{7}{4}\)

\(M_{min}=\dfrac{7}{4}\) khi \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(\dfrac{1}{2};\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{2}};1\right)\)

\(VT=6\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)+10\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+2\left(\frac{1}{2x+y+z}+\frac{1}{x+2y+z}+\frac{1}{x+y+2z}\right)\)

\(=6\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\left(xy+yz+xz\right)+2\frac{9}{2x+y+z+x+2y+z+x+y+2z}\)

\(\ge6\left(x+y+z\right)^2-2\frac{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}{3}+2\frac{9}{4\left(x+y+z\right)}\)

\(=\: 6\cdot\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2-2\cdot\frac{\left(\frac{3}{4}\right)^2}{3}+2\cdot\frac{9}{4\cdot\frac{3}{4}}=9\)