\(\dfrac{5a-b}{3a+7}\)-\(\dfrac{3b-2a}{2b-7}\)

=\(\dfrac{5a-b}{3a+2a-b}\)-\(\dfrac{3b-2a}{2b-\left(2a-b\right)}\)

=\(\dfrac{5a-b}{5a-b}\)-\(\dfrac{3b-2a}{2b-2a+b}\) (vì 2a-b=7)

=\(\dfrac{5a-b}{5a-b}\)-\(\dfrac{3b-2a}{3b-2a}\)

=1-1

=0

BT1 : Tính giá trị của biểu thức ;

Thay 7 = a -b vào biểu thức B ,có :

\(\dfrac{3a-b}{2a+\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{3b-a}{2b-\left(a-b\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{3a-b}{3a-b}+\dfrac{3b-a}{3a-a}\)

\(=1+1\)

= 2

Vậy giá trị của biểu thức B là 2 với a- b=7

Vì \(a,b,c>0\Rightarrow a+b+c\ne0\)

Áp dụng tc dtsbn:

\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2b+c-a=2a\\2c-b+a=2b\\2a+b-c=2c\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-2b=c\\3b-2c=a\\3c-2a=b\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3a-c=2b\\3b-a=2c\\3c-b=2a\end{matrix}\right.\\ \Rightarrow P=\dfrac{abc}{2a\cdot2b\cdot2c}=\dfrac{1}{8}\)

Áp dụng t/c dtsbn ta có:

\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=\dfrac{2b+c-a+2c-b+a+2a+b-c}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2b+2c+2a}{a+b+c}=\dfrac{2\left(a+b+c\right)}{a+b+c}=2\)

\(\dfrac{2b+c-a}{a}=2\Rightarrow2b+c-a=2a\Rightarrow2b=3a-c\)\(\dfrac{2c-b+a}{b}=2\Rightarrow2c-b+a=2b\Rightarrow2c=3b-a\)

\(\dfrac{2a+b-c}{c}=2\Rightarrow2a+b-c=2c\Rightarrow2a=3c-b\)

\(P=\dfrac{\left(2a-b\right)\left(2b-c\right)\left(2c-a\right)}{2a.2b.2c}=\dfrac{\left(2a-b\right)\left(2b-c\right)\left(2c-a\right)}{8abc}\)

b.\(ĐK:x;y\in Z^+;x;y\ne0\)

\(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}+\dfrac{5}{y}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=1-\dfrac{5}{y}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{5}{x}=\dfrac{y-5}{y}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x}{5}=\dfrac{y}{y-5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5y}{y-5}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=5+\dfrac{25}{y-5}\) ( bạn chia \(5y\) cho \(y-5\) ý )

Để x;y là số nguyên dương thì \(25⋮y-5\) hay \(y-5\in U\left(25\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm5;\pm25\right\}\)

TH1: 

\(y-5=1\) 

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y=6\\x=30\end{matrix}\right.\) ( tm )   ( bạn thế y=6 vào \(x=5+\dfrac{25}{y+5}\) nhé )

Xét tương tự, ta ra được nghiệm nguyên dương của phương trình:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=30\\y=6\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=10\\y=10\end{matrix}\right.\)  \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\y=30\end{matrix}\right.\)

Lời giải:

a)\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow4a=3b\)

Và \(4a.5=3b.5\Leftrightarrow20a=15b\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{20a}{3}=5b\)

Khi đó:

\(A=\dfrac{2a-5b}{a-3b}=\dfrac{2a-\dfrac{20}{3}a}{a-4a}=\dfrac{-\dfrac{14}{3}a}{-3a}=\dfrac{-14}{\dfrac{3}{-3}}=14\)

b) Ta có:

\(a-b=7\Leftrightarrow b=a-7\)

\(B=\dfrac{3a-b}{2a+7}+\dfrac{3b-a}{2b-7}=\dfrac{3a-\left(a-7\right)}{2a+7}+\dfrac{3\left(a-7\right)-a}{2\left(a-7\right)-7}\)

\(B=\dfrac{3a-a+7}{2a+7}+\dfrac{3a-21-a}{2a-14-7}\)

\(B=\dfrac{2a+7}{2a+7}+\dfrac{2a-21}{2a-21}=1+1=2\)