Lời giải:

a. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq -9$

PT $\Leftrightarrow x+9=7^2=49$

$\Leftrightarrow x=40$ (tm)

b. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq \frac{-3}{2}$

PT $\Leftrightarrow 4\sqrt{2x+3}-\sqrt{4(2x+3)}+\frac{1}{3}\sqrt{9(2x+3)}=15$

$\Leftrightarrow 4\sqrt{2x+3}-2\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{2x+3}=15$

$\Leftrgihtarrow 3\sqrt{2x+3}=15$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{2x+3}=5$

$\Leftrightarrow 2x+3=25$

$\Leftrightarrow x=11$ (tm)

c.

PT \(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} 2x+1\geq 0\\ x^2-6x+9=(2x+1)^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq \frac{-1}{2}\\ 3x^2+10x-8=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq \frac{-1}{2}\\ (3x-2)(x+4)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x=\frac{2}{3}\)

d. ĐKXĐ: $x\geq 1$

PT \(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(x-1)+4\sqrt{x-1}+4}-\sqrt{(x-1)+6\sqrt{x-1}+9}=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{(\sqrt{x-1}+2)^2}-\sqrt{(\sqrt{x-1}+3)^2}=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{x-1}+2-(\sqrt{x-1}+3)=9\)

\(\Leftrightarrow -1=9\) (vô lý)

Vậy pt vô nghiệm.

a) \(\sqrt{x+9}=7\left(x\ge-9\right)\Rightarrow x+9=49\Rightarrow x=40\)

b) \(4\sqrt{2x+3}-\sqrt{8x+12}+\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{18x+27}=15\left(x\ge-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow4\sqrt{2x+3}-\sqrt{4\left(2x+3\right)}+\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{9\left(2x+3\right)}=15\)

\(\Rightarrow4\sqrt{2x+3}-2\sqrt{2x+3}+\sqrt{2x+3}=15\)

\(\Rightarrow3\sqrt{2x+3}=15\Rightarrow\sqrt{2x+3}=5\Rightarrow2x+3=25\Rightarrow x=11\)

c) \(\sqrt{x^2-6x+9}=2x+1\)

Vì \(VT\ge0\Rightarrow VP\ge0\Rightarrow x\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(x-3\right)^2}=2x+1\Rightarrow\left|x-3\right|=2x+1\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=2x+1\\x-3=-2x-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=-4\left(l\right)\\x=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

d) \(\sqrt{x+3+4\sqrt{x-1}}-\sqrt{x+8+6\sqrt{x-1}}=9\left(x\ge1\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1+4\sqrt{x-1}+4}-\sqrt{x-1+6\sqrt{x-1}+9}=9\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+2\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x-1}+3\right)^2}=9\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|\sqrt{x-1}+2\right|-\left|\sqrt{x-1}+3\right|=9\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-1}+2-\sqrt{x-1}-3=9\Rightarrow-1=9\) (vô lý)

1.

ĐK: $-x^2+2x+4\geq 0$

PT \(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x-2\geq 0\\ 4+2x-x^2=(x-2)^2=x^2-4x+4\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 2\\ 6x=2x^2\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=3\) (thỏa mãn)

Vậy...........

2)

ĐK: $-5\leq x\leq 5$

PT \(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x-1\geq 0\\ 25-x^2=(x-1)^2=x^2-2x+1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 1\\ 2x^2-2x-24=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 1\\ x^2-x-12=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 1\\ (x+3)(x-4)=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x=4\) (thỏa mãn)

3)

ĐK: $x^2\leq 10$

PT $\Leftrightarrow (x+4)\sqrt{10-x^2}=(x+4)(x-2)$

$\Leftrightarrow (x+4)[\sqrt{10-x^2}-(x-2)]=0$

Nếu $x+4=0\Rightarrow x=-4$ (không thỏa mãn ĐKXĐ)

Nếu $\sqrt{10-x^2}-(x-2)=0$

$\Leftrightarrow \sqrt{10-x^2}=x-2$

\(\Rightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x-2\geq 0\\ 10-x^2=(x-2)^2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 2\\ 2x^2-4x-6=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow \left\{\begin{matrix} x\geq 0\\ 2(x-3)(x+1)=0\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow x=3\)

mầy câu 1;3;;4;5 cách làm nhu nhau(nhân liên hop hoac bình phuong lên)

1.

\(DK:x\in\left[-4;5\right]\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+\left(\sqrt{x+4}-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+\frac{x-5}{\sqrt{x+4}+3}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}\left(1+\frac{\sqrt{x-5}}{\sqrt{x+4}+3}\right)=0\)

Vi \(1+\frac{\sqrt{x-5}}{\sqrt{x+4}+3}>0\)

\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x-5}=0\)

\(x=5\left(n\right)\)

Vay nghiem cua PT la \(x=5\)

2.

\(DK:x\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)^2}=1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow|\sqrt{x}-2|+|\sqrt{x}-3|=1\)

Ta co:

\(|\sqrt{x}-2|+|\sqrt{x}-3|=|\sqrt{x}-2|+|3-\sqrt{x}|\ge|\sqrt{x}-2+3-\sqrt{x}|=1\)

Dau '=' xay ra khi \(\left(\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(3-\sqrt{x}\right)\ge0\)

TH1:

\(\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x}-2\ge0\\3-\sqrt{x}\ge0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow4\le x\le9\left(n\right)}\)

TH2:(loai)

Vay nghiem cua PT la \(x\in\left[4;9\right]\)

6.

\(DK:x\ge2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x-1}-\sqrt{x+1}\right)+\sqrt{x-2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{x-2}{\sqrt{2x-1}+\sqrt{x+1}}+\sqrt{x-2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-2}\left(\frac{\sqrt{x-2}}{\sqrt{2x-1}+\sqrt{x+1}}+1\right)=0\)

Vi \(\frac{\sqrt{x-2}}{\sqrt{2x-1}+\sqrt{x+1}}+1>0\)

\(\Rightarrow x=2\left(n\right)\)

Vay nghiem cua PT la \(x=2\)

Sửa đề: \(\dfrac{8\sqrt{x}-x-31}{x-8\sqrt{x}+15}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-1}{5-\sqrt{x}}\)

Ta có: \(\dfrac{8\sqrt{x}-x-31}{x-8\sqrt{x}+15}-\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+5}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-1}{5-\sqrt{x}}\)

\(=\dfrac{-x+8\sqrt{x}-31}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}-\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+5\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}+\dfrac{\left(3\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-x+8\sqrt{x}-31-\left(x-25\right)+3x-9\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{2x-2\sqrt{x}-28-x+25}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{x}-3}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)+\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-5\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}-5}\)

\(\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}+\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-2}{1-\sqrt{x}}-\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}+3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)

\(=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}-\dfrac{\left(3\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11-\left(3\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-\left(2\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{15\sqrt{x}-11-3x-9\sqrt{x}+2\sqrt{x}+6-2x+2\sqrt{x}-3\sqrt{x}+3}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-5x+7\sqrt{x}-2}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-\left(5x-7\sqrt{x}+2\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{-\left(5\sqrt{x}-2\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}\)

\(=-\dfrac{5\sqrt{x}-2}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)

\(\dfrac{x\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+1}\) (ĐK: \(x\ge0\))

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}\right)^3+1^3}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)\left(x-\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}+1}\)

\(=x-\sqrt{x}+1\)

______________

\(\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}+3}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}-\dfrac{3x+9}{x-9}\) (ĐK: \(x\ge0;x\ne9\))

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}-\dfrac{3x+9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}+2x+6\sqrt{x}-3x-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{3\sqrt{x}-9}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{3\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{3}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)