\(a,PTHH:Na_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH\\ \Rightarrow n_{NaOH}=2n_{Na_2O}=2\cdot\dfrac{37,2}{62}=0,6\cdot2=1,2\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow C_{M_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{1,2}{0,5}=2,4M\\ b,PTHH:2NaOH+H_2SO_4\rightarrow Na_2SO_4+H_2O\\ \Rightarrow n_{H_2SO_4}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH}=0,6\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{H_2SO_4}=0,6\cdot98=58,8\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{dd_{H_2SO_4}}=\dfrac{58,8\cdot100\%}{20\%}=294\left(g\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{dd}=\dfrac{294}{1,14}\approx257,9\left(ml\right)\)

a,\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂

Mol:     0,2                         0,2          0,1

\(\Rightarrow m_{Na}=0,2.23=4,6\left(g\right)\)

b,\(m_{NaOH}=0,2.40=8\left(g\right)\)

a) 4P + 5O₂ --t^o--> 2P₂O₅

b) \(n_P=\dfrac{24,8}{31}=0,8\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 4P + 5O₂ --t^o--> 2P₂O₅

         0,8--------------->0,4

=> m_P2O5 = 0,4.142 = 56,8 (g)

c)

PTHH: P₂O₅ + 3H₂O --> 2H₃PO₄

               0,4--------------->0,8

=> m_H3PO4 = 0,8.98 = 78,4 (g)

mong mọi người giúp nhanh ạ

Ta có: \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{2,3}{23}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

a. PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O ---> 2NaOH + H₂↑

b. Ta có: \(n_{H_2O}=\dfrac{97,8}{18}=5,43\left(mol\right)\)

Ta thấy: \(\dfrac{0,1}{2}< \dfrac{5,43}{2}\)

=> H₂O dư.

Theo PT: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}.n_{Na}=\dfrac{1}{2}.0,1=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(V_{H_2}=0,05.22,4=1,12\left(lít\right)\)

c. Ta có: \(m_{dd_{NaOH}}=2,3+97,8=100,1\left(g\right)\)

Theo PT: \(n_{NaOH}=n_{Na}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{NaOH}=0,1.40=4\left(g\right)\)

=> \(C_{\%_{NaOH}}=\dfrac{4}{100,1}.100\%=3,996\%\)

\(n_{CaCO_3}=\dfrac{20}{100}=0,2mol\)

\(CaCO_3\underrightarrow{t^o}CaO+CO_2\)

0,2            0,2       0,2

\(m_{CaO}=0,2\cdot56=11,2g\)

\(V_{CO_2}=0,2\cdot22,4=4,48l\)

\(CaO+H_2O\rightarrow Ca\left(OH\right)_2\)

0,2                         0,2

\(m_{Ca\left(OH\right)_2}=0,2\cdot74=14,8g\)

PTHH: \(MgO+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2O\)

                  a_____2a_______a_______a     (mol)

           \(Al_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2O\)

                  b_____6b_______2b_______3b   (mol)

Ta lập HPT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40a+102b=18,2\\2a+6b=\dfrac{182,5\cdot20\%}{36,5}=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgO}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot40}{18,2}\cdot100\%\approx43,96\%\\\%m_{Al_2O_3}=56,04\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo PTHH: \(n_{MgCl_2}=0,2\left(mol\right)=n_{AlCl_3}\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{MgCl_2}=0,2\cdot95=19\left(g\right)\\m_{AlCl_3}=0,2\cdot133,5=26,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{MgCl_2}=\dfrac{19}{18,2+182,5}\cdot100\%\approx9,47\%\\C\%_{AlCl_3}=\dfrac{26,7}{182,5+18,2}\cdot100\%\approx13,3\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

a) mHCl=182,5. 20%=36,5(g) -> nHCl=1(mol)

Đặt nMgO=a(mol); nAl2O3=b(mol)

PTHH: MgO +2 HCl -> MgCl2 + H2O

a__________2a______a(mol)

Al2O3 + 6 HCl ->  2 AlCl3 + 3 H2O

b_______6b______2b(mol)

b) Ta có hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}40a+102b=18,2\\2a+6b=1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mMgO=0,2.40=8(g)

=>%mMgO=(8/18,2).100=43,956%

=> %mAl2O3= 56,044%

c) m(muối)= mAlCl3 + mMgCl2= 133,5.2b+ 95.a= 133,5.0,1.2+95.0,2= 45,7(g)

d) mAlCl3= 26,7(g) ; mMgCl2 = 19(g)

mddsau= 18,2+ 182,5= 200,7(g)

=>C%ddAlCl3=(26,7/200,7).100=13,303%

C%ddMgCl2=(19/200,7).100=9,467%

PTHH: \(K_2O+H_2O\rightarrow2KOH\)

a) \(n_{K_2O}=\dfrac{23,5}{94}=0,25\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{KOH}=2n_{K_2O}=0,5\left(mol\right)\)

\(m_{KOH}=0,5.56=28\left(g\right)\)

b) \(C_{M_{ddKOH}}=\dfrac{n}{V}=\dfrac{0,5}{0,4}=1,25M\)

\(n_{Na}=\dfrac{3,45}{23}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

\(2Na+2H_2O\rightarrow2NaOH+H_2\)

0,15       0,15        0,15      0,075 

a. \(m_{H_2O}=0,15.18=2,7\left(g\right)\)

b. \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,6}{32}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

\(2H_2+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2H_2O\)

0,075            0,075

Lập tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,075}{2}< \dfrac{0,05}{1}\)

=> Lượng \(H_2\) sinh ra không đủ để pứ với 1,6 g \(O_2\)

\(m_{H_2O}=0,075.18=1,35\left(g\right)\)

a) \(n_{Na}=\dfrac{3,45}{23}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: 2Na + 2H₂O ---> 2NaOH + H₂ 

           0,15---------------->0,15---->0,075

=> \(m_{\text{dd}NaOH}=\dfrac{0,15.40}{10\%}=60\left(g\right)\)

Ta có: \(m_{\text{dd}NaOH}=m_{Na}+m_{H_2O}-m_{H_2}\)

=> \(m=m_{H_2O}=60-3,45+0,075.2=56,7\left(g\right)\)

b) \(n_{O_2}=\dfrac{1,6}{32}=0,05\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH: \(2H_2+O_2\xrightarrow[]{t^o}2H_2O\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,075}{2}< \dfrac{0,05}{1}\Rightarrow O_2\) dư, H₂ không đủ để đốt cháy hết

Theo PTHH: \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2}=0,075\left(mol\right)\)

=> \(m_{s\text{ản}.ph\text{ẩm}}=m_{H_2O}=0,075.18=1,35\left(g\right)\)

a, \(CuO+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2O\)

\(Fe_2O_3+6HCl\rightarrow2FeCl_3+3H_2O\)

b, Gọi: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuO}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{Fe_2O_3}=y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 80x + 160y = 32 (1)

Theo PT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu}=x\left(mol\right)\\n_{FeCl_3}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}=2y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\) ⇒ 135x + 325y = 59,5 (2)

Từ (1) và (2) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,2\left(mol\right)\\y=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{CuO}=0,2.80=16\left(g\right)\\m_{Fe_2O_3}=0,1.160=16\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, Theo PT: \(n_{HCl}=2n_{CuO}+6n_{Fe_2O_3}=1\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{1}{0,5}=2\left(l\right)\)