trừ cho nhau là xong

Nói nghe có vẻ dễ ha Trần Hữu Ngọc Minh 

Thật là trừ cho nhau không ạ bạn phải tìm x và y vì đây là một bài phương trình 

\(x^3=3y^2-3y+1=3\left(y-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\ge\dfrac{1}{4}\)

\(\Rightarrow x\ge\dfrac{1}{\sqrt[3]{4}}>\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Tương tự ta có \(y;z>\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y-1>0;y+z-1>0;z+x-1>0\)

TH1: \(x\ge y\Rightarrow x^3\ge y^3\Rightarrow3y^2-3y+1\ge3z^2-3z+1\)

\(\Rightarrow y^2-z^2-y+z\ge0\Rightarrow\left(y-z\right)\left(y+z+1\right)\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow y-z\ge0\Rightarrow y\ge z\Rightarrow x\ge z\) (1)

Cũng do \(y\ge z\Rightarrow y^3\ge z^3\)

\(\Rightarrow3z^2-3z+1\ge3x^2-3x+1\Rightarrow z^2-x^2-z+x\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(z-x\right)\left(z+x+1\right)\ge0\Rightarrow z\ge x\) (2)

Từ (1);(2) \(\Rightarrow x=y=z\)

TH2: \(x\le y\), hoàn toàn tương tự ta cũng chứng minh được \(x=y=z\)

Thay vào hệ ban đầu:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^3-3x^2+3x=1\\y^3-3y^2+3y=1\\z^3-3z^2+3z=1\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow x=y=z=1\)

Biến đổi pt đầu ta có:

\(x^2-xy+y^2+1=0\Leftrightarrow x^2-2.x.\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{y^2}{4}+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1=0\)

Do \(\left(x-\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3y^2}{4}+1\ge1\) \(\forall\left(x;y\right)\Rightarrow\) hệ đã cho luôn vô nghiệm

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+\dfrac{y^2}{4}+\dfrac{9}{4}+xy-3x-\dfrac{3y}{2}\right)+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y^2-2y+1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+\dfrac{y}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\left(y-1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+\dfrac{y}{2}-\dfrac{3}{2}=0\\y-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x=y=1\)

<=> \(x^2+y^2+\left(xy-3x\right)-\left(3y-3\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2+3x^2\left(y-1\right)-3\left(y-1\right)=0\)

<=> \(x^2+y^2\left(3x^2-3\right)\left(y-1\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2+y^2.3.\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)\left(y-1\right)=0\)

=> x = 0 ; 1 ; -1  . y =0  ; 1

P/s : ngủ được ròi:3

a: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< >\dfrac{3}{2}y\\x< >-\dfrac{y}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4}{2x-3y}+\dfrac{5}{3x+y}=-2\\\dfrac{-5}{2x-3y}+\dfrac{3}{3x+y}=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{20}{2x-3y}+\dfrac{25}{3x+y}=-10\\-\dfrac{20}{2x-3y}+\dfrac{12}{3x+y}=84\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{37}{3x+y}=74\\-\dfrac{5}{2x-3y}+\dfrac{3}{3x+y}=21\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=\dfrac{1}{2}\\-\dfrac{5}{2x-3y}+3:\dfrac{1}{2}=21\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=\dfrac{1}{2}\\\dfrac{-5}{2x-3y}=15\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x+y=\dfrac{1}{2}\\2x-3y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}9x+3y=\dfrac{3}{2}\\2x-3y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}11x=\dfrac{7}{6}\\2x-3y=-\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7}{66}\\3y=2x+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{7}{33}+\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{6}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{7}{66}\\y=\dfrac{2}{11}\end{matrix}\right.\)(nhận)

b: ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< >y-2\\x< >-y+1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{7}{x-y+2}-\dfrac{5}{x+y-1}=\dfrac{9}{2}\\\dfrac{3}{x-y+2}+\dfrac{2}{x+y-1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{14}{x-y+2}-\dfrac{10}{x+y-1}=9\\\dfrac{15}{x-y+2}+\dfrac{10}{x+y-1}=20\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{29}{x-y+2}=29\\\dfrac{3}{x-y+2}+\dfrac{2}{x+y-1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y+2=1\\3+\dfrac{2}{x+y-1}=4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-1\\\dfrac{2}{x+y-1}=1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-1\\x+y-1=2\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-y=-1\\x+y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=2\\x+y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=2\end{matrix}\right.\)(nhận)

c:

ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}y< >2x\\y< >-x\end{matrix}\right.\)

 \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{2x-y}-\dfrac{6}{x+y}=-1\\\dfrac{1}{2x-y}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{3}{2x-y}-\dfrac{6}{x+y}=-1\\\dfrac{3}{2x-y}-\dfrac{3}{x+y}=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{3}{x+y}=-1\\\dfrac{1}{2x-y}-\dfrac{1}{x+y}=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\2x-y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=6\\2x-y=3\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>x=2 và y=2x-3=4-3=1(nhận)

d:ĐKXĐ: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x< >-y+1\\x< >\dfrac{1}{2}y-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

 \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4}{x+y-1}-\dfrac{5}{2x-y+3}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\\dfrac{3}{x+y-1}+\dfrac{1}{2x-y+3}=\dfrac{7}{5}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{4}{x+y-1}-\dfrac{5}{2x-y+3}=\dfrac{5}{2}\\\dfrac{15}{x+y-1}+\dfrac{5}{2x-y+3}=7\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{19}{x+y-1}=\dfrac{19}{2}\\\dfrac{15}{x+y-1}+\dfrac{5}{2x-y+3}=7\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y-1=2\\\dfrac{15}{2}+\dfrac{5}{2x-y+3}=7\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\\dfrac{5}{2x-y+3}=7-\dfrac{15}{2}=-\dfrac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\2x-y+3=-10\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+y=3\\2x-y=-13\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}3x=-10\\x+y=3\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=-\dfrac{10}{3}\\y=3-x=3+\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{19}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\left(nhận\right)\)

e:

ĐKXĐ: \(x\ne\pm2y\)

 \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{6}{x-2y}+\dfrac{2}{x+2y}=3\\\dfrac{3}{x-2y}+\dfrac{4}{x+2y}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{6}{x-2y}+\dfrac{2}{x+2y}=3\\\dfrac{6}{x-2y}+\dfrac{8}{x+2y}=-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}-\dfrac{6}{x+2y}=5\\\dfrac{3}{x-2y}+\dfrac{4}{x+2y}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=-\dfrac{6}{5}\\\dfrac{3}{x-2y}+4:\dfrac{-6}{5}=-1\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=-\dfrac{6}{5}\\\dfrac{3}{x-2y}=-1+4\cdot\dfrac{5}{6}=-1+\dfrac{10}{3}=\dfrac{7}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x+2y=-\dfrac{6}{5}\\x-2y=\dfrac{9}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2x=\dfrac{3}{35}\\x-2y=\dfrac{9}{7}\end{matrix}\right.\)

=>\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{70}\\2y=x-\dfrac{9}{7}=-\dfrac{87}{70}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=\dfrac{3}{70}\\y=-\dfrac{87}{140}\end{matrix}\right.\left(nhận\right)\)