Đề khắm vậy -_- a + b = 3 - c thì viết luôn thành a + b + c = 3 cho rồi .... bày đặt

Áp dụng bđt \(\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{y}+\frac{1}{z}\ge\frac{9}{x+y+z}\left(x;y;z>0\right)\)

\(VT=a^3+b^3+c^3+2\left(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c}\right)\ge a^3+b^3+c^3+\frac{18}{a+b+c}\)

                                                                                      \(=a^3+b^3+c^3+6\)

Áp dụng bđt Cô-si cho 3 số ta đc

\(a^3+1+1\ge3\sqrt[3]{a^3.1.1}=3a\)

\(b^3+1+1\ge3b\)

\(c^3+1+1\ge3c\)

Cộng từng vế vào ta được

\(VT\ge a^3+b^3+c^3+6\ge3\left(a+b+c\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)

Lại có : \(\left(a+b+c\right)^2\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)(Phá ngoặc + chuyển vế -> tổng bình phương)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)(Đpcm)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> a = b = c = 1

Vậy ....

Xét: \(\frac{a+3}{3a+bc}+\frac{b+3}{3b+ca}+\frac{c+3}{3c+ab}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a+b+c}{\left(a+b+c\right)a+bc}+\frac{a+2b+c}{\left(a+b+c\right)b+ca}+\frac{a+b+2c}{\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a+b+c}{a^2+ab+ca+bc}+\frac{a+2b+c}{ab+b^2+bc+ca}+\frac{a+b+2c}{ac+bc+c^2+ab}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a+b+c}{a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{a+2b+c}{b\left(b+a\right)+c\left(b+a\right)}+\frac{a+b+2c}{c\left(a+c\right)+b\left(a+c\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a+b+c}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+2b+c}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{a+b+2c}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm

\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\le\left(\frac{2a+b+c}{2}\right)^2=\frac{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}{4}\\\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\le\left(\frac{a+2b+c}{2}\right)^2=\frac{\left(a+2b+c\right)^2}{4}\\\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\le\left(\frac{a+b+2c}{2}\right)^2=\frac{\left(a+b+2c\right)^2}{4}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{\begin{matrix}\frac{2a+b+c}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(2a+b+c\right)}{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{4}{2a+b+c}\\\frac{a+2b+c}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(a+2b+c\right)}{\left(a+2b+c\right)^2}=\frac{4}{a+2b+c}\\\frac{a+b+2c}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(a+b+2c\right)}{\left(a+b+2c\right)^2}=\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{4}{2a+b+c}+\frac{4}{a+2b+c}+\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\)

Xét: \(\frac{4}{2a+b+c}+\frac{4}{a+2b+c}+\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số

\(\Rightarrow\frac{4}{2a+b+c}+\frac{4}{a+2b+c}+\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\ge\frac{\left(2+2+2\right)^2}{2a+b+c+a+2b+c+a+b+2c}=\frac{36}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{36}{12}=3\)

Mà \(VT\ge\frac{4}{2a+b+c}+\frac{4}{a+2b+c}+\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+3}{3a+bc}+\frac{b+3}{3b+ca}+\frac{c+3}{3c+ab}\ge3\) ( đpcm )

Ta có:

\(3a+bc=(a+b+c)a+bc=(a+c)(a+b)\)

\(\Rightarrow \sum \frac{a+3}{3a+bc}\)\(= \sum \frac{(a+c)+(a+b)}{(a+c)(a+b)}=2 \sum \frac{1}{a+b}\geq 2.\frac{9}{2(a+b+c)}=3\)

Đặt \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a^2-bc=x\\b^2-ca=y\\c^2-ab=z\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z\ge0\)

\(\)Đẳng thức cần c/m trở thành: \(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3xyz\left(1\right)\)

Áp dụng Bất đẳng thức AM-GM cho 3 số x,y,z, ta có:

\(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^3.y^3.z^3}=3xyz\)

=> Đẳng thức (1) luôn đúng với mọi x

Dấu = xảy ra khi: x=y=z hay \(a^2-bc=b^2-ca=c^2-ab\)

và \(a^2+b^2+c^2-\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)\(\Rightarrow a=b=c\)

Chứng minh BĐT vế trái:

\(\frac{a^3}{b}+\frac{b^3}{c}+\frac{c^3}{a}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cauchy-Schwarz dạng Engel:

\(VT=\frac{a^4}{ab}+\frac{b^4}{bc}+\frac{c^4}{ca}\ge\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}\ge a^2+b^2+c^2\)

Tiếp theo, chứng minh BĐT vế phải:\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge3\)

Từ giả thiết suy ra: \(6=a+b+c+ab+bc+ca\le a+b+c+\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\Rightarrow a+b+c\ge3\)

Ta có: \(VT\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{3}\ge3\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi a = b = c = 1

1 ) (a+b+c)^2 >= 3(ab+bc+ac)

<=> a^2 + b^2 + c^2 >= ab + bc + ac

<=> 2a^2 + 2b^2 + 2c^2 >= 2ab + 2bc + 2ac

<=> a^2 - 2ab + b^2 + b^2 - 2bc + c^2 + a^2 - 2ac + c^2 >= 0 

<=> (a - b)^2 + (b-c)^2 + (a-c)^2 >= 0 

( luôn đúng với mọi a ; b ; c )

( đpcm )

2 ) P =  \(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ac}+\frac{ab+bc+ac}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}+\frac{ab+bc+ac}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}+\frac{8\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{9\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}\)

AD BĐT Cô - si và BĐT phụ đã cmt ở trên  ta có : \(P\ge2.\frac{1}{3}+\frac{8.3.\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}{9\left(ab+bc+ac\right)}=\frac{2}{3}+\frac{8}{3}=\frac{10}{3}\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a = b = c 

Khôi Bùi : theo e ý 2 có thể đơn giản hóa vấn đề bằng cách đặt ẩn phụ

đặt \(\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{ab+bc+ca}=t\left(t\ge3\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow P=t+\frac{1}{t}=\frac{t}{9}+\frac{1}{t}+\frac{8}{9}t\)

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM ta có:

\(P\ge2.\sqrt{\frac{t}{9}.\frac{1}{t}}+\frac{8}{9}t\ge\frac{2.1}{3}+\frac{8}{9}.3=\frac{10}{3}\)

Dấu " = " xảy ra <=> a=b

Xét \(\frac{a+3}{3a+bc}+\frac{b+3}{3b+ca}+\frac{c+3}{3c+ab}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a+b+c}{\left(a+b+c\right)a+bc}+\frac{a+2b+c}{\left(a+b+c\right)b+ca}+\frac{a+b+2c}{\left(a+b+c\right)c+ab}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a+b+c}{a^2+ab+ca+bc}+\frac{a+2b+c}{ab+b^2+bc+ca}+\frac{a+b+2c}{ac+bc+c^2+ab}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a+b+c}{a\left(a+b\right)+c\left(a+b\right)}+\frac{a+2b+c}{b\left(b+a\right)+c\left(b+a\right)}+\frac{a+b+2c}{c\left(a+c\right)+b\left(a+c\right)}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{2a+b+c}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}+\frac{a+2b+c}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}+\frac{a+b+2c}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 2 bộ số thực không âm 

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)\le\left(\frac{2a+b+c}{2}\right)^2=\frac{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}{4}\\\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)\le\left(\frac{a+2b+c}{2}\right)^2=\frac{\left(a+2b+c\right)^2}{4}\\\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)\le\left(\frac{a+b+2c}{2}\right)^2=\frac{\left(a+b+2c\right)^2}{4}\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\frac{2a+b+c}{\left(a+b\right)\left(a+c\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(2a+b+c\right)}{\left(2a+b+c\right)^2}=\frac{4}{2a+b+c}\\\frac{a+2b+c}{\left(b+a\right)\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(a+2b+c\right)}{\left(a+2b+c\right)^2}=\frac{4}{a+2b+c}\\\frac{a+b+2c}{\left(a+c\right)\left(b+c\right)}\ge\frac{4\left(a+b+2c\right)}{\left(a+b+2c\right)^2}=\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\end{cases}}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge\frac{4}{2a+b+c}+\frac{4}{a+2b+c}+\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\)

Xét \(\frac{4}{2a+b+c}+\frac{4}{a+2b+c}+\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cộng mẫu số 

\(\Rightarrow\frac{4}{2a+b+c}+\frac{4}{a+2b+c}+\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\ge\frac{\left(2+2+2\right)^2}{2a+b+c+a+2b+c+a+b+2c}\)

\(=\frac{36}{4\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{36}{12}=3\)

Mà \(VT\ge\frac{4}{2a+b+c}+\frac{4}{a+2b+c}+\frac{4}{a+b+2c}\)

\(\Rightarrow VT\ge3\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{a+3}{3a+bc}+\frac{b+3}{3b+ca}+\frac{c+3}{3c+ab}\ge3\left(đpcm\right)\)

Chúc bạn học tốt !!!

Lời giải:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$a^3+\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{a}\geq 3\sqrt{a}$

$b^3+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{b}\geq 3\sqrt{b}$

$c^3+\frac{1}{c}+\frac{1}{c}\geq 3\sqrt{c}$

Cộng theo vế các BĐT trên và thu gọn thì:
$a^3+b^3+c^3+2(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}+\frac{1}{c})\geq 3(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})$

Giờ ta chỉ cần cm: $3(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})\geq 3(ab+bc+ac)$ thì bài toán hoàn thành.

Thật vậy:

Áp dụng BĐT AM-GM:

$\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{a}+a^2\geq 3a$

$\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{b}+b^2\geq 3b$

$\sqrt{c}+\sqrt{c}+c^2\geq 3c$
Cộng 3 BĐT trên lại theo vế và thu gọn:

$a^2+b^2+c^2+2(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})\geq 3(a+b+c)=(a+b+c)^2$

$\Rightarrow 2(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})\geq 2(ab+bc+ac)$
$\Rightarrow \sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c}\geq ab+bc+ac$

$\Rightarrow 3(\sqrt{a}+\sqrt{b}+\sqrt{c})\geq 3(ab+bc+ac)$

(đpcm)

Bài toán hoàn thành.

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi $a=b=c=1$

Đặt \(\left(\dfrac{1}{a};\dfrac{1}{b};\dfrac{1}{c}\right)=\left(x;y;z\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow x+y+z+xy+yz+zx=6\)

\(P=x^3+y^3+z^3\)

Ta có:

\(x^3+x^3+1\ge3x^2\) 

Tương tự: \(2y^3+1\ge3y^2\) ; \(2z^3+1\ge3z^2\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(x^3+y^3+z^3\right)\ge3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)-3\) 

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x^2+y^2+z^2-1\right)\)

Lại có: với mọi x;y;z thì:

\(\left(x-1\right)^2+\left(y-1\right)^2+\left(z-1\right)^2+\left(x-y\right)^2+\left(y-z\right)^2+\left(z-x\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(x^2+y^2+z^2\right)\ge2\left(x+y+z+xy+yz+zx\right)-3=9\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2+y^2+z^2\ge3\)

\(\Rightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3}{2}\left(3-1\right)=3\) (đpcm)