Đặt \(\left(\sqrt{x};2\sqrt{y};3\sqrt{z}\right)=\left(a;b;c\right)\Rightarrow a;b;c\ge0\)

Ta có:

\(\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{1}{ab+bc+ca}\le\dfrac{2}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{3}{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}=-3\left(\dfrac{1}{a+b+c}-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{3}\le\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi và chỉ khi: \(a=b=c=1\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\dfrac{1}{4}\\z=\dfrac{1}{9}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Bạn trừ đi rồi gộp thành hằng đẳng thức là được nhé

Pt đầu tương đương: \(\sqrt[3]{x^2}+2\sqrt[3]{y^2}+4\sqrt[3]{z^2}=7\)

Pt 2 tương đương:

\(\left(xy^2+z^4\right)^2-\left(xy^2-z^4\right)^2=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow4xy^2z^4=4\)

\(\Leftrightarrow xy^2z^4=1\) (1)

Quay lại pt đầu, áp dụng AM-GM:

\(7=\sqrt[3]{x^2}+\sqrt[3]{y^2}+\sqrt[3]{y^2}+\sqrt[3]{z^2}+\sqrt[3]{z^2}+\sqrt[3]{z^2}+\sqrt[3]{z}\ge7\sqrt[7]{\sqrt[3]{x^2}.\sqrt[3]{y^4}.\sqrt[3]{z^8}}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt[21]{x^2y^4z^8}\le1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^2y^4z^8\le1\)

\(\Rightarrow\left|xy^2z^4\right|\le1\Rightarrow xy^2z^4\le1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x^2=y^2=z^2\\xy^2z^4=1\\x>0\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\pm1\\z=\pm1\end{matrix}\right.\)

Các bộ thỏa mãn là: \(\left(1;1;1\right);\left(1;1;-1\right);\left(1;-1;1\right);\left(1;-1;-1\right)\)

\(x+y+z+8=2\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{y-2}+6\sqrt{z-3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-1\right)-2\sqrt{x-1}+1\)\(+\left(y-2\right)-4\sqrt{y-2}+4\)\(+\left(z-3\right)-6\sqrt{z-3}+9\)\(=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}-1=0\\\sqrt{y-2}-2=0\\\sqrt{z-3}-3=0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{y-2}=2\\\sqrt{z-3}=3\end{cases}\Rightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=6\\z=12\end{cases}}}\)

\(x+y+z+8=2\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{y-2}+6\sqrt{z-3}\)

\(\left(x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1\right)+\left(y-2-2\sqrt{y-2}.2+4\right)+\left(z-3-2\sqrt{z-3}.3+9\right)=0\)

\(\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2=0\)( 1 )

Mà \(\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2\ge0\)( 2 )

Từ ( 1 ) và ( 2 ) \(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2=0\)

từ đó tìm được : \(x=2;y=6;z=12\)

ĐKXĐ \(x\ge1,y\ge2,z\ge3\)

Phương trình đã cho tương đương với :

\(x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1+y-2-4\sqrt{y-2}+4+z-3-6\sqrt{z-3}+9=0.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2=0\)

Mà \(\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2\ge0;\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2\ge0;\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2\ge0\)

Suy ra \(\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2=\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{y-2}=2\\\sqrt{z-3}=3\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x-1=1\\y-2=4\\z-3=9\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=6\\z=12\end{cases}\left(tmđk\right).}\)

\(x+y+z+8=2\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{y-2}+6\sqrt{z-3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+y+z+8-2\sqrt{x-1}-4\sqrt{y-2}-6\sqrt{z-3}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x-1\right)-2\sqrt{x-1}+1\right]+\left[\left(y-2\right)-4\sqrt{y-2}+4\right]+\left[\left(z-3\right)-6\sqrt{z-3}+9\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}-1=0\\\sqrt{y-2}-2=0\\\sqrt{z-3}-3=0\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}=1\\\sqrt{y-2}=2\\\sqrt{z-3}=3\end{cases}}\)\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=6\\z=12\end{cases}}\)

ĐK: \(x\ge1,y\ge2,z\ge3\).

\(x+y+z+8=2\sqrt{x-1}+4\sqrt{y-2}+6\sqrt{z-3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-1-2\sqrt{x-1}+1+y-2-4\sqrt{y-2}+4+z-3-6\sqrt{z-3}+9=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}-1=0\\\sqrt{y-2}-2=0\\\sqrt{z-3}-3=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=6\\z=12\end{cases}}\)(thỏa mãn)

ĐK : x ≥ 1 ; y ≥ 2 ; z ≥ 3

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\left(x-1\right)-2\sqrt{x-1}+1\right]+\left[\left(y-2\right)-4\sqrt{y-2}+4\right]+\left[\left(z-3\right)-6\sqrt{z-3}+9\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\sqrt{x-1}-1=0\\\sqrt{y-2}-2=0\\\sqrt{z-3}-3=0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=6\\z=12\end{cases}}\left(tm\right)\)

Đặt \(a=\sqrt{2x-3}\) ; \(b=\sqrt{y-2}\) ; \(c=\sqrt{3z-1}\) (\(a,b,c>0\))

Ta có : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b}+\frac{16}{c}+a+b+c=14\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{2x-3}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{2x-3}}-2\right)+\left(\sqrt{y-2}+\frac{4}{\sqrt{y-2}}-4\right)+\left(\sqrt{3z-1}+\frac{16}{\sqrt{3z-1}}-8\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left[\frac{\left(2x-3\right)-2\sqrt{2x-3}+1}{\sqrt{2x-3}}\right]+\left[\frac{\left(y-2\right)-4\sqrt{y-2}+4}{\sqrt{y-2}}\right]+\left[\frac{\left(3z-1\right)-8\sqrt{3z-1}+16}{\sqrt{3z-1}}\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{\left(\sqrt{2x-3}-1\right)^2}{\sqrt{2x-3}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2}{\sqrt{y-2}}+\frac{\left(\sqrt{3z-1}-4\right)^2}{\sqrt{3z-1}}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}\left(\sqrt{2x-3}-1\right)^2=0\\\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2=0\\\left(\sqrt{3z-1}-4\right)^2=0\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=6\\z=\frac{17}{3}\end{cases}}}\)(TMĐK)

Vậy : \(\left(x;y;z\right)=\left(2;6;\frac{17}{3}\right)\)

Phần đặt ẩn a,b,c bạn bỏ đi nhé ^^

ĐKXĐ : \(\hept{\begin{cases}x\ge1\\y\ge2\\z\ge3\end{cases}}\)

Với điều kiện trên thì pt đã cho tương đương với : 

\(\left[\left(x-1\right)-2\sqrt{x-1}+1\right]+\left[\left(y-2\right)-4\sqrt{y-2}+4\right]+\left[\left(z-3\right)-6\sqrt{z-3}+9\right]=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2=0\)

Mà \(\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2\ge0,\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2\ge0,\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2+\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2\ge0\)

Vậy đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}\left(\sqrt{x-1}-1\right)^2=0\\\left(\sqrt{y-2}-2\right)^2=0\\\left(\sqrt{z-3}-3\right)^2=0\end{cases}}\) \(\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x=2\\y=6\\z=12\end{cases}}\) (tmđk)

ĐKXĐ : {

Với điều kiện trên thì pt đã cho tương đương với : 

[(x−1)−2√x−1+1]+[(y−2)−4√y−2+4]+[(z−3)−6√z−3+9]=0

⇔(√x−1−1)2+(√y−2−2)2+(√z−3−3)2=0

Mà (√x−1−1)2≥0,(√y−2−2)2≥0,(√z−3−3)2≥0

⇒(√x−1−1)2+(√y−2−2)2+(√z−3−3)2≥0

Vậy đẳng thức xảy ra khi {

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