1) Áp dụng bđt Cauchy cho 3 số dương ta có

 \(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{x}+x^3\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.\dfrac{1}{x}.x^3}=4\) (1)

\(\dfrac{3}{y^2}+y^2\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{3}{y^2}.y^2}=2\sqrt{3}\) (2)

\(\dfrac{3}{z^3}+z=\dfrac{3}{z^3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}+\dfrac{z}{3}\ge4\sqrt[4]{\dfrac{3}{z^3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}.\dfrac{z}{3}}=4\sqrt{3}\) (3)

Cộng (1);(2);(3) theo vế ta được

\(\left(\dfrac{3}{x}+\dfrac{3}{y^2}+\dfrac{3}{z^3}\right)+\left(x^3+y^2+z\right)\ge4+2\sqrt{3}+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^3}\right)\ge3+4\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P\ge\dfrac{3+4\sqrt{3}}{3}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{x}=x^3\\\dfrac{3}{y^2}=y^2\\\dfrac{3}{z^3}=\dfrac{z}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=1\\y=\sqrt[4]{3}\\z=\sqrt{3}\end{matrix}\right.\) (thỏa mãn giả thiết ban đầu)

2) Ta có \(4\sqrt{ab}=2.\sqrt{a}.2\sqrt{b}\le a+4b\)

Dấu"=" khi a = 4b

nên \(\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+4\sqrt{ab}}\ge\dfrac{8}{7a+4b+a+4b}=\dfrac{1}{a+b}\)

Khi đó \(P\ge\dfrac{1}{a+b}-\dfrac{1}{\sqrt{a+b}}+\sqrt{a+b}\)

Đặt \(\sqrt{a+b}=t>0\) ta được

\(P\ge\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{1}{t}+t=\left(\dfrac{1}{t^2}-\dfrac{2}{t}+1\right)+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

\(=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\)

Có \(\dfrac{1}{t}+t\ge2\sqrt{\dfrac{1}{t}.t}=2\) (BĐT Cauchy cho 2 số dương)

nên \(P=\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{t}+t-1\ge\left(\dfrac{1}{t}-1\right)^2+1\ge1\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{1}{t}-1=0\\t=\dfrac{1}{t}\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow t=1\)(tm)

khi đó a + b = 1

mà a = 4b nên \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

Vậy MinP = 1 khi \(a=\dfrac{4}{5};b=\dfrac{1}{5}\)

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=>x=5.9=45

y=7.9=63

z=3*9=27

vậy x=45,y=63,z=27

Áp dụng liên tiếp bất đẳng thức Mincopxki và bất đẳng thức Cauchy-Schwarz:

\(A=\sqrt{x^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}+\sqrt{y^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}+\sqrt{z^2+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}\)

\(A\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}\)

\(A\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}\right)^2}\)

\(A\ge\sqrt{4+\dfrac{81}{4}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{97}{4}}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

\(B=\sqrt{x^2+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}+\sqrt{y^2+\dfrac{1}{z^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}+\sqrt{z^2+\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}\)

\(B\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2+\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}\)

\(B=\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{1}{x}+\dfrac{1}{y}+\dfrac{1}{z}\right)^2}\)

\(B\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{\left(1+1+1\right)^2}{x+y+z}\right)^2}\)

\(B\ge\sqrt{\left(x+y+z\right)^2+\dfrac{162}{\left(x+y+z\right)^2}}\)

\(B\ge\sqrt{4+\dfrac{162}{4}}=\sqrt{\dfrac{89}{2}}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: \(x=y=z=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

c) Đề sai

Lời giải:

Bạn cần bổ sung điều kiện $x,y,z>0$

\(P=\frac{1}{x.\frac{y^2+z^2}{y^2z^2}}+\frac{1}{y.\frac{z^2+x^2}{z^2x^2}}+\frac{1}{z.\frac{x^2+y^2}{x^2y^2}}=\frac{1}{x(\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2})}+\frac{1}{y(\frac{1}{z^2}+\frac{1}{x^2})}+\frac{1}{z(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2})}\)

\(=\frac{1}{x(3-\frac{1}{x^2})}+\frac{1}{y(3-\frac{1}{y^2})}+\frac{1}{z(3-\frac{1}{z^2})}=\frac{x}{3x^2-1}+\frac{y}{3y^2-1}+\frac{z}{3z^2-1}\)

Vì $\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2}=3\Rightarrow x^2, y^2, z^2>\frac{1}{3}$

Xét hiệu:

\(\frac{x}{3x^2-1}-\frac{1}{2x^2}=\frac{(x-1)^2(2x+1)}{2x^2(3x^2-1)}\geq 0\) với mọi $x>0$ và $x^2>\frac{1}{3}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{x}{3x^2-1}\geq \frac{1}{2x^2}$

Hoàn toàn tương tự với các phân thức còn lại và cộng theo vế ta có:

$P\geq \frac{1}{2}(\frac{1}{x^2}+\frac{1}{y^2}+\frac{1}{z^2})=\frac{3}{2}$

Vậy $P_{\min}=\frac{3}{2}$ khi $x=y=z=1$

\(x,y,z>0\)

Áp dụng BĐT Caushy cho 3 số ta có:

\(x^3+y^3+z^3\ge3\sqrt[3]{x^3y^3z^3}=3xyz\ge3.1=3\)

\(P=\dfrac{x^3-1}{x^2+y+z}+\dfrac{y^3-1}{x+y^2+z}+\dfrac{z^3-1}{x+y+z^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{\left(x^3-1\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y+z\right)\left(x^3-1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(y^3-1\right)^2}{\left(x+y^2+z\right)\left(y^3-1\right)}+\dfrac{\left(z^3-1\right)^2}{\left(x+y+z^2\right)\left(x^3-1\right)}\)

Áp dụng BĐT Caushy-Schwarz ta có:

\(P\ge\dfrac{\left(x^3+y^3+z^3-3\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y+z\right)\left(x^3-1\right)+\left(x+y^2+z\right)\left(y^3-1\right)+\left(x+y^2+z\right)\left(y^3-1\right)}\)

\(\ge\dfrac{\left(3-3\right)^2}{\left(x^2+y+z\right)\left(x^3-1\right)+\left(x+y^2+z\right)\left(y^3-1\right)+\left(x+y^2+z\right)\left(y^3-1\right)}=0\)

\(P=0\Leftrightarrow x=y=z=1\)

Vậy \(P_{min}=0\)

Bài 1 :

Ta có : \(\dfrac{1}{3a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{2}{b^2+3ab}=\dfrac{1}{3a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{4}{2b^2+6ab}\)

Theo BĐT Cô - Si dưới dạng engel ta có :

\(\dfrac{1}{3a^2+b^2}+\dfrac{4}{2b^2+6ab}\ge\dfrac{\left(1+2\right)^2}{3a^2+6ab+3b^2}=\dfrac{9}{3\left(a+b\right)^2}=\dfrac{9}{3.1}=3\)

Dấu \("="\) xảy ra khi : \(a=b=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Giá trị nhỏ nhất là 3 căn 7 trên 2

\(\dfrac{3\sqrt{17}}{2}\)

theo bđt cauchy schwarz ta có

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{x^3+y^2}\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}}{2\sqrt{x^3y^2}}=\dfrac{1}{xy}\\\dfrac{2\sqrt{y}}{y^3+z^2}\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{y}}{2\sqrt{y^3z^2}}=\dfrac{1}{yz}\\\dfrac{2\sqrt{z}}{z^3+x^2}\le\dfrac{2\sqrt{z}}{2\sqrt{z^3y^2}}=\dfrac{1}{zy}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1}{xy}+\dfrac{1}{yz}+\dfrac{1}{zx}\le\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}}{2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}}{2}+\dfrac{\dfrac{1}{z^2}+\dfrac{1}{x^2}}{2}=\dfrac{1}{x^2}+\dfrac{1}{y^2}+\dfrac{1}{z^2}\)\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)