a,\(\dfrac{x-y}{xy}+\dfrac{y-z}{yz}+\dfrac{z-x}{zx}\)

=\(\dfrac{\left(x-y\right).z}{xyz}+\dfrac{\left(y-z\right).x}{xyz}+\dfrac{\left(z-x\right).y}{xyz}\)

=\(\dfrac{xz-yz}{xyz}+\dfrac{xy-xz}{xyz}+\dfrac{yz-xy}{xyz}\)

=\(\dfrac{xz-yz+xy-xz+yz-xy}{xyz}\)

=\(\dfrac{0}{xyz}\)=0

Vậy biểu thức trên ko phụ thuộc vào x,y,z

b,\(\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right).\left(y-z\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(x-z\right).\left(y-z\right)}-\dfrac{1}{\left(x-y\right).\left(x-z\right)}\)

=\(\dfrac{1.\left(x-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}-\dfrac{\left(x-y\right).1}{\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-y\right)}-\dfrac{1\left(y-z\right)}{\left(x-y\right)\left(x-z\right)\left(y-z\right)}\)

=\(\dfrac{x-z-x+y-y+z}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)=\(\dfrac{0}{\left(x-y\right)\left(y-z\right)\left(x-z\right)}\)=0

Vậy biểu thức trên ko phụ thuộc vào x,y,z

b/ \(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3=\dfrac{a}{d}\left(1\right)\)

Áp dụng tính chất dãy tỉ số bằng nhau ta có

\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}=\dfrac{c}{d}=\dfrac{a+b+c}{b+c+d}\)

=> \(\left(\dfrac{a}{b}\right)^3=\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{c+d+b}\right)^3\) (2)Từ (1) và (2)=>đpcm

1) Từ \(-2\le a,b,c\le3\) suy ra : 

\(\left(a+2\right)\left(a-3\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow a^2-a-6\le0\Leftrightarrow a^2\le a+6\)

\(\left(b+2\right)\left(b-3\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow b^2-b-6\le0\Leftrightarrow b^2\le b+6\)

\(\left(c+2\right)\left(c-3\right)\le0\Leftrightarrow c^2-c-6\le0\Leftrightarrow c^2\le c+6\)

Cộng các bđt trên theo vế ta có đpcm

2) \(P=\left(1+\frac{1}{x}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{y}\right)\left(1+\frac{1}{z}\right)=\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}{xyz}\)

Từ giả thiết : \(x+1=\left(1-y\right)+\left(1-z\right)\ge2\sqrt{\left(1-y\right)\left(1-z\right)}=2\sqrt{\left(x+z\right)\left(x+y\right)}\)

Tương tự : \(y+1\ge2\sqrt{\left(y+x\right)\left(y+z\right)}\) , \(z+1\ge2\sqrt{\left(z+y\right)\left(z+x\right)}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{\left(x+1\right)\left(y+1\right)\left(z+1\right)}{xyz}\ge\frac{8\left(x+y\right)\left(y+z\right)\left(z+x\right)}{xyz}\ge\frac{8.2\sqrt{xy}.2\sqrt{yz}.2\sqrt{zx}}{xyz}=\frac{64xyz}{xyz}=64\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi và chỉ khi \(\hept{\begin{cases}x+y+z=1\\x+y=y+z=z+x\end{cases}\Leftrightarrow}x=y=z=\frac{1}{3}\)

Vậy Min P = 64 tại x = y = z = 1/3

P = ...

\(\Leftrightarrow P=x^3z-x^3y^2+y^3x-y^3z^2+z^3y-z^3x^2+x^2y^2z^2-xyz\)\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(x^3z-x^2z^3\right)-\left(x^3y^2-x^2y^2z^2\right)+\left(xy^3-y^3z\right)+\left(yz^3-xyz\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow P=x^2z\left(x-z^2\right)-x^2y^2\left(x-z^2\right)+y^3\left(x-z^2\right)-yz\left(x-z^2\right)\)\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(x-z^2\right)\left(x^2z-x^2y^2+y^3-yz\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(x-z^2\right)\left[\left(x^2z-x^2y^2\right)+\left(y^3-yz\right)\right]\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(x-z^2\right)\left[-x^2\left(y^2-z\right)+y\left(y^2-z\right)\right]\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(x-z\right)^2\left(y^2-z\right)\left(y-x^2\right)\)

\(\Leftrightarrow P=abc\left(đpcm\right)\)