BĐT cần chứng minh tương đương:

\(a^2+b^2+c^2\ge2ab-2bc+2ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2bc-2a\left(b+c\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+\left(b+c\right)^2-2a\left(b+c\right)\ge0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b-c\right)^2\ge0\) (luôn đúng)

Vậy BĐT đã cho đúng

Thêm điều kiện: a,b,c thỏa mãn là các cạnh của một tam giác

Ta có: \(a< b+c\)

nên \(a^2< ab+ac\)

Ta có: b<a+c

nên \(b^2< ab+bc\)

Ta có: c<a+b

nên \(c^2< ac+bc\)

Do đó: \(a^2+b^2+c^2< 2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\)

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\Leftrightarrow bc=-ab-ac\)

\(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+bc-ac-ab}=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)

CMTT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}=\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}\\\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(c-a\right)\left(c-b\right)}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}+\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-a\right)\left(b-c\right)}+\dfrac{c^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}=1\)

VT = (a+b+c)^2

= [(a+b) + c]^2

= (a+b)^2 + 2(a+b)c + c^2

= a^2 + 2ab + b^2 + 2ac + 2bc + c^2

= a^2 + b^2 + c^2 + 2ab + 2ac + 2bc = VP

Vậy ...

---------------------------------------

VT= (a+b+c)^2 + a^2 + b^2 + c^2

= [(a+b) + c]^2 + a^2 + b^2 + c^2

= (a+b)^2 + 2(a+b)c + c^2 + a^2 + b^2 + c^2

= a^2 + 2ab + b^2 + 2ac + 2bc + c^2 + a^2 + b^2 + c^2

= (a^2 + 2ab + b^2) + (b^2 + 2bc + c^2) + (c^2 + 2ca + a^2)

= (a+b)^2 + (b+c)^2 + (c+a)^2 = VP

Vậy...

( a + b + c ) ² = a ( a + b + c ) + b ( a + b + c ) + c ( a + b + c ) 
= a² + ab + ac + ab + b² + bc + ac + bc + c²
= a² + b² + c² + 2ab + 2ac + 2bc
 

Vì a,b,c là 3 cạnh tam giác nên \(a+b>c\Leftrightarrow ac+bc>c^2\)

CMTT: \(ab+bc>b^2;ab+ac>a^2\)

Cộng vế theo vế \(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2< ab+bc+ca+ab+bc+ca\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2< 2ab+2bc+2ca\\ \Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2-2ab-2bc-2ca< 0\)

Bài 1:

\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=a^2+b^2+c^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow ab+bc+ac=0\Leftrightarrow bc=-ab-ac\)

\(\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+2bc}=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2+bc-ab-ac}=\dfrac{a^2}{\left(a-c\right)\left(a-b\right)}\)

CMTT: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\dfrac{b^2}{b^2+2ca}=\dfrac{b^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(b-a\right)}\\\dfrac{c^2}{c^2+2ab}=\dfrac{c^2}{\left(b-c\right)\left(a-c\right)}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(M=\dfrac{a^2\left(b-c\right)-b^2\left(a-c\right)+c^2\left(a-b\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=\dfrac{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}{\left(a-b\right)\left(a-c\right)\left(b-c\right)}=1\)

Bài 2:

\(a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc=\left(a^3+3a^2b+3ab^2+b^3\right)+c^3-3abc-3a^2b-3ab^2\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\right]-3ab\left(a+b+c\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac\right)=0\)(do \(a+b+c=0\))

\(\Rightarrow A=\dfrac{0}{\left(a-b\right)^3+\left(b-c\right)^3+\left(c-a\right)^3}=0\)

Ta có:\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\)

\(=a^2+2ab+b^2+2ac+2bc+c^2\)

\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\) (đpcm)

Ta có:\(\left(a+b+c\right)^2=\left(a+b\right)^2+2\left(a+b\right)c+c^2\)

\(=a^2+2ab+b^2+2ac+2bc+c^2\)

\(=a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca\)