\(\dfrac{a}{b}=\dfrac{b}{c}\Rightarrow ac=b^2\)

\(\dfrac{a^2+b^2}{b^2+c^2}=\dfrac{a^2+ac}{ac+c^2}=\dfrac{a\left(a+c\right)}{c\left(a+c\right)}=\dfrac{a}{c}\)

Đề thiếu rồi bạn

đề sai r bạn

chuẩn cm nó luôn

Ta có: a+b+c=0

nên a+b=-c

Ta có: \(a^2-b^2-c^2\)

\(=a^2-\left(b^2+c^2\right)\)

\(=a^2-\left[\left(b+c\right)^2-2bc\right]\)

\(=a^2-\left(b+c\right)^2+2bc\)

\(=\left(a-b-c\right)\left(a+b+c\right)+2bc\)

\(=2bc\)

Ta có: \(b^2-c^2-a^2\)

\(=b^2-\left(c^2+a^2\right)\)

\(=b^2-\left[\left(c+a\right)^2-2ca\right]\)

\(=b^2-\left(c+a\right)^2+2ca\)

\(=\left(b-c-a\right)\left(b+c+a\right)+2ca\)

\(=2ac\)

Ta có: \(c^2-a^2-b^2\)

\(=c^2-\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)

\(=c^2-\left[\left(a+b\right)^2-2ab\right]\)

\(=c^2-\left(a+b\right)^2+2ab\)

\(=\left(c-a-b\right)\left(c+a+b\right)+2ab\)

\(=2ab\)

Ta có: \(M=\dfrac{a^2}{a^2-b^2-c^2}+\dfrac{b^2}{b^2-c^2-a^2}+\dfrac{c^2}{c^2-a^2-b^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ac}+\dfrac{c^2}{2ab}\)

\(=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\)

Ta có: \(a^3+b^3+c^3\)

\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+c^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)

\(=\left(a+b+c\right)\left(a^2+2ab+b^2-ca-cb+c^2\right)-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)

\(=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\)

Thay \(a^3+b^3+c^3=-3ab\left(a+b\right)\) vào biểu thức \(=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}\), ta được: 

\(M=\dfrac{-3ab\left(a+b\right)}{2abc}=\dfrac{-3\left(a+b\right)}{2c}\)

\(=\dfrac{-3\cdot\left(-c\right)}{2c}=\dfrac{3c}{2c}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

Vậy: \(M=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

\(\)Ta có: \(a+b+c=0 \Rightarrow b+c=-a \Rightarrow (b+c)^2=(-a)^2 \Leftrightarrow b^2+c^2+2bc=a^2 \Leftrightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\)

Tương tự: \(b^2-c^2-a^2=2ca;c^2-a^2-b^2=2ab\)

\(P=...=\dfrac{a^2}{2bc}+\dfrac{b^2}{2ca}+\dfrac{c^2}{2bc}=\dfrac{a^3+b^3+c^3}{2abc}=\dfrac{3abc}{2abc}=\dfrac{3}{2}\)

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Bổ đề \(a+b+c=0 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3\)

Ở đây ta c/m chiều thuận:
Với \(a+b+c=0 \Leftrightarrow a+b=-c \Rightarrow (a+b)^3=(-c)^3 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+3ab(a+b)=-c^3 \Leftrightarrow a^3+b^3+c^3=3abc(QED)\)

a) Áp dụng Cauchy Schwars ta có:

\(M=\frac{a^2}{a+1}+\frac{b^2}{b+1}+\frac{c^2}{c+1}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{9}{6}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: a = b = c = 1

b) \(N=\frac{1}{a}+\frac{4}{b+1}+\frac{9}{c+2}\ge\frac{\left(1+2+3\right)^2}{a+b+c+3}=\frac{36}{6}=6\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x=y=1

c) \(P=\frac{a^2}{a+b}+\frac{b^2}{b+c}+\frac{c^2}{c+a}\ge\frac{\left(a+b+c\right)^2}{2\left(a+b+c\right)}=\frac{9}{2.3}=\frac{3}{2}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi: x=y=1

Ta có :

\(\left(a-b-c\right)^2=a^2+b^2+c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac\)

mà theo đề bài \(a^2+b^2+c^2-ab-bc-ac=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b-c\right)^2=-ab-bc-ac=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a-b-c\right)^2=-\left(ab+bc+ac\right)=0\)

mà \(-\left(ab+bc+ac\right)\le0\)

\(\Rightarrow a=b=c=0\)

\(\Rightarrow dpcm\)

Câu hỏi của Hattory Heiji - Toán lớp 8 - Học toán với OnlineMath

tvbobnokb' n

iai

  ni;bv nn0

`1)(a+b+c)^2=3(a^2+b^2+c^2)`

`<=>a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3a^2+3b^2+3c^2`

`<=>2ab+2bc+2ca=2a^2+2b^2+2c^2`

`<=>a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2=0`

`<=>(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0`

Mà `(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2>=0`

Vậy dấu "=" xảy ra chỉ có thể là `a=b=c`

`2)(a+b+c)^2=3(ab+bc+ca)`

`<=>a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2bc+2ca=3ab+3bc+3ca`

`<=>a^2+b^2+c^2=ab+bc+ca`

`<=>2ab+2bc+2ca=2a^2+2b^2+2c^2`

`<=>a^2-2ab+b^2+b^2-2bc+c^2+c^2-2ca+a^2=0`

`<=>(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2=0`

Mà `(a-b)^2+(b-c)^2+(c-a)^2>=0`

Vậy dấu "=" xảy ra chỉ có thể là `a=b=c`

Vậy nếu `a=b=c` thì ....

1) Ta có: \(3\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)=\left(a+b+c\right)^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow3a^2+3b^2+3c^2-a^2-b^2-c^2-2ab-2bc-2ac=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a^2-2ab+b^2\right)+\left(a^2-2ac+c^2\right)+\left(b^2-2bc+c^2\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a-b\right)^2+\left(a-c\right)^2+\left(b-c\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=b\\a=c\\b=c\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow a=b=c\)