a) \(N=8a^3-27b^3\)
\(=\left(2a\right)^3-\left(3b\right)^3\)
\(=\left(2a-3b\right)^3+18ab\left(2a-3b\right)\)
\(=5^3+18\cdot12\cdot5\)
\(=125+1080=1205\)
b) \(K=a^3+b^3+6a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)+3ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(=a^3+b^3+6a^2b^2+3a^3b+3ab^3\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+3ab\left(a^2+2ab+b^2\right)\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+3ab\left(a+b\right)^2\)
\(=\left(a+b\right)^3+3ab\left(a+b\right)\left(a+b-1\right)\)
\(=1^3+3ab\cdot1\cdot0\)
\(=1\)
a ) \(N=8a^3-27b^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=\left(2a-3b\right)\left(4x^2+6ab+9b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow N=5\left(4x^2+9b^2+72\right)\)
Ta có : \(2a-3b=5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4a^2+9b^2=25+6ab\)
Thay vào ta được : \(N=5\left(25+6ab+72\right)=845\)
b ) \(K=a^3+b^3+6a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)+3ab\left(a^2+b^2\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow K=\left(a+b\right)^3-3ab\left(a+b\right)+6a^2b^2\left(a+b\right)+3ab\left(a+b\right)^2-6a^2b^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow K=1-3ab+6a^2b^2+3ab-6a^2b^2=1\)
c ) \(P=\left(\dfrac{x}{4}\right)^3+\left(\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(\dfrac{x}{4}+\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^3-3\left[\left(\dfrac{x}{4}\right)^2\dfrac{y}{2}+\dfrac{x}{4}\left(\dfrac{y}{2}\right)^2\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=\left(\dfrac{2\left(x+2y\right)}{8}\right)^3-3\left[\dfrac{x^2y}{32}+\dfrac{xy^2}{16}\right]\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=8-3xy\left(\dfrac{x+2y}{32}\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow P=8-3.4\left(\dfrac{8}{32}\right)=5\)