a) \(\left|x-\frac{1}{2}\right|-\sqrt{\frac{1}{9}}=\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-\frac{1}{2}\right|-\frac{1}{3}=\frac{1}{2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-\frac{1}{2}\right|=\frac{1}{2}+\frac{1}{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|x-\frac{1}{2}\right|=\frac{5}{6}.\)
\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-\frac{1}{2}=\frac{5}{6}\\x-\frac{1}{2}=-\frac{5}{6}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{5}{6}+\frac{1}{2}\\x=\left(-\frac{5}{6}\right)+\frac{1}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=\frac{4}{3}\\x=-\frac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)
Vậy \(x\in\left\{\frac{4}{3};-\frac{1}{3}\right\}.\)
b) \(3^{x+2}-3^x=72\)
\(\Rightarrow3^x.3^2-3^x.1=72\)
\(\Rightarrow3^x.\left(3^2-1\right)=72\)
\(\Rightarrow3^x.8=72\)
\(\Rightarrow3^x=72:8\)
\(\Rightarrow3^x=9\)
\(\Rightarrow3^x=3^2\)
\(\Rightarrow x=2\)
Vậy \(x=2.\)
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