2A + O2 \(\underrightarrow{to}\) 2AO (1)
AO + 2HCl → ACl2 + H2O (2)
a) \(n_{AO}=\frac{4}{M_A+16}\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PT2: \(n_{AO}=\frac{1}{2}n_{HCl}=\frac{1}{2}\times0,2=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\frac{4}{M_A+16}=0,1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow0,1M_A+1,6=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow M_A=\frac{4-1,6}{0,1}=24\left(g\right)\)
Vậy kim loại đó là Mg
b) MgO + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2O (3)
\(m_{HCl}=0,2\times36,5=7,3\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{ddHCl}=\frac{7,3}{36,5\%}=20\left(g\right)\)
Ta có: \(m_{dd}saupư=4+20=24\left(g\right)\)
Theo PT3:\(n_{MgCl_2}=n_{MgO}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{MgCl_2}=0,1\times95=9,5\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow C\%_{MgCl_2}=\frac{9,5}{24}\times100\%=39,58\%\)
a) Gọi CTHH của kim loại cần tìm là A
PTHH: 2A + O2 \(\underrightarrow{t^o}\) 2AO (1)
AO+ 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) ACl2 + H2O (2)
Theo PT(2): nAO = \(\frac{1}{2}\)nHCl = \(\frac{1}{2}\) .0,2 = 0,1(mol)
=> MAO = \(\frac{4}{0,1}=40\left(\frac{g}{mol}\right)\)
=> A + 16 = 40
=> A = 24 (Mg)
Vậy A là magie (Mg)
b) PTHH: MgO+ 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) MgCl2 + H2O
mHCl = 0,2.36,5 = 7,3 (g)
=> mdd HCl = \(\frac{7,3.100}{36,5}=20\left(g\right)\)
=> mdd sau pứ = 4 + 20 = 24 (g)
Theo PT(2): n\(MgCl_2\) = n\(MgO\) = 0,1(mol)
=> m\(MgCl_2\) = 0,1.95 = 9,5 (g)
=> C%\(MgCl_2\) = \(\frac{9,5}{24}.100=39,58\%\)