a/ \(BaCl_2\left(0,1\right)+Na_2SO_4\left(0,1\right)\rightarrow BaSO_4\left(0,1\right)+2NaCl\left(0,2\right)\)
b/ Ta có:
\(m_{BaCl_2}=100.20,8\%=20,8\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{BaCl_2}=\dfrac{20,8}{208}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(m_{Na_2SO_4}=200.14,2\%=28,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow n_{Na_2SO_4}=\dfrac{28,4}{142}=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
Dựa vào PTHH ta lập tỷ lệ:
\(\dfrac{n_{BaCl_2}}{1}=0,1< \dfrac{n_{Na_2SO_4}}{1}=0,2\)
\(\Rightarrow\) BaCl2 phản ứng hết Na2SO4 dư.
\(\Rightarrow n_{Na_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,2-0,1=0,1\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{Na_2SO_4\left(dư\right)}=0,1.142=14,2\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{BaSO_4}=0,1.233=23,3\left(g\right)\\m_{NaCl}=0,2.58,5=11,7\left(g\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
Khối lượng dung dịch B là: \(100+200-23,3=276,7\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%Na_2SO_4=\dfrac{14,2}{276,7}.100\%=5,13\%\\\%NaCl=\dfrac{11,7}{276,7}.100\%=4,23\%\end{matrix}\right.\)