Ta có: \(B=21\left(\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{3-\sqrt{5}}\right)^2-6\left(\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{3+\sqrt{5}}\right)^2-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=21\cdot\left[2+\sqrt{3}+3-\sqrt{5}+2\sqrt{\left(2+\sqrt{3}\right)\left(3-\sqrt{5}\right)}\right]-6\cdot\left[2-\sqrt{3}+3+\sqrt{5}+2\cdot\sqrt{\left(2-\sqrt{3}\right)\left(3+\sqrt{5}\right)}\right]-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=21\cdot\left(5+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{\left(4+2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(6-2\sqrt{5}\right)}\right)-6\cdot\left[5-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{\left(4-2\sqrt{3}\right)\left(6+2\sqrt{5}\right)}\right]-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=21\cdot\left[5+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}+\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}-1\right)\right]-6\cdot\left[5-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}+\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)\left(\sqrt{5}+1\right)\right]-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=21\cdot\left(5+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{15}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}-1\right)-6\cdot\left(5-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{15}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}-1\right)-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=21\cdot\left(4+\sqrt{15}\right)-6\left(4+\sqrt{15}\right)-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=84+21\sqrt{15}-24-6\sqrt{15}-15\sqrt{15}\)

\(=60\)

a, \(A=\left(\sqrt{12}-2\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{60}\)

\(=\left(2\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{5}\right)\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{15}\)

\(=2\sqrt{9}-2\sqrt{15}+2\sqrt{15}=2\sqrt{9}\)

b, \(B=\frac{\sqrt{4x}}{x-3}\sqrt{\frac{x^2-6x+9}{x}}=\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{x-3}.\sqrt{\frac{\left(x-3\right)^2}{x}}\)

\(=\frac{2\sqrt{x}}{x-3}.\frac{x-3}{\sqrt{x}}=2\)

em thiếu, giờ mới nhìn lại \(2\sqrt{9}=2.3=6\)

\(\left(3\sqrt{12}-4\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{15}\right)\cdot\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{5}\)

\(=\left(6\sqrt{3}-4\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{15}\right)\cdot\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{5}\)

\(=6+3\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{5}=6+\sqrt{5}\)

(3\(\sqrt{12}\)-4\(\sqrt{3}\)+\(\sqrt{15}\)).\(\sqrt{3}\)-2\(\sqrt{5}\)

=\(\left(6\sqrt{3}-4\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{15}\right).\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{5}\)

=\(\left(2\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{15}\right).\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{5}\)

=\(6+\sqrt{45}-2\sqrt{5}\)

=\(6+3\sqrt{5}-2\sqrt{5}\)

=\(6+\sqrt{5}\)

Hai mặt phẳng (AB′D′)(AB′D′) và (A′C′D)(A′C′D) có giao tuyến là EFEF như hình vẽ.

Hai tam giácΔA′C′D=ΔD′AB′ΔA′C′D=ΔD′AB′và EFEF là đường trung bình của hai tam giác nên từ A′A′ và D′D′ ta kẻ 2 đoạn vuông góc lên giao tuyến EFEF sẽ là chung một điểm HH như hình vẽ.

Khi đó, góc giữa hai mặt phẳng cần tìm chính là góc giữa hai đường thẳng A′HA′H và D′HD′H.

Tam giác DEFDEF lần lượt cóD′E=D′B′2=√132D′E=D′B′2=132,D′F=D′A2=52D′F=D′A2=52,EF=B′A2=√5EF=B′A2=5.

Theo hê rông ta có:SDEF=√614SDEF=614. Suy raD′H=2SDEFEF=√30510D′H=2SDEFEF=30510.

Tam giác D′A′HD′A′H có:cosˆA′HD′=HA′2+HD′2−A′D′22HA′.HD′=−2961cos⁡A′HD′^=HA′2+HD′2−A′D′22HA′.HD′=−2961.

Do đóˆA′HD′≈118,4∘A′HD′^≈118,4∘hay(ˆA′H,D′H)≈180∘−118,4∘=61,6∘(A′H,D′H^)≈180∘−118,4∘=61,6∘.

$D$ là hình chiếu vuông góc của D'D′ trên $(ABCD)$.

$\Rightarrow \Delta ACD$ là hình chiếu vuông góc của \Delta ACD'ΔACD′ trên mặt phẳng $(ABCD)$.

Do đó \cos \alpha = \dfrac{S_{ACD}}{S_{ACD'}}cosα=SACD′​SACD​​ với $\alpha$ là góc cần tìm.

Ta có \left\{ \begin{aligned} & DA^2 + DC^2 = 3\\ & DC^2 + DD'^2 = 4\\ & DA^2 + DD'^2 = 5\\ \end{aligned}\right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{aligned} & DA^2 = 2\\ & DC^2 = 1\\ & DD'^2 = 3\\ \end{aligned}\right.⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧​​DA2+DC2=3DC2+DD′2=4DA2+DD′2=5​⇔⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧​​DA2=2DC2=1DD′2=3​.

\Rightarrow S_{ACD} = \dfrac12.DA.DC = \dfrac{\sqrt2}2⇒SACD​=21​.DA.DC=22​​.

Dùng công thức Hê rông ta có S_{ACD'} = \dfrac{\sqrt{11}}2SACD′​=211​​.

Vậy \cos \alpha = \sqrt{\dfrac2{11}}cosα=112​.

$D$ là hình chiếu vuông góc của D'D′ trên $(ABCD)$.

$\Rightarrow \Delta ACD$ là hình chiếu vuông góc của \Delta ACD'ΔACD′ trên mặt phẳng $(ABCD)$.

Do đó \cos \alpha = \dfrac{S_{ACD}}{S_{ACD'}}cosα=SACD′​SACD​​ với $\alpha$ là góc cần tìm.

Ta có \left\{ \begin{aligned} & DA^2 + DC^2 = 3\\ & DC^2 + DD'^2 = 4\\ & DA^2 + DD'^2 = 5\\ \end{aligned}\right. \Leftrightarrow \left\{ \begin{aligned} & DA^2 = 2\\ & DC^2 = 1\\ & DD'^2 = 3\\ \end{aligned}\right.⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧​​DA2+DC2=3DC2+DD′2=4DA2+DD′2=5​⇔⎩⎪⎪⎨⎪⎪⎧​​DA2=2DC2=1DD′2=3​.

\Rightarrow S_{ACD} = \dfrac12.DA.DC = \dfrac{\sqrt2}2⇒SACD​=21​.DA.DC=22​​.

Dùng công thức Hê rông ta có S_{ACD'} = \dfrac{\sqrt{11}}2SACD′​=211​​.

Vậy \cos \alpha = \sqrt{\dfrac2{11}}cosα=112​​.

\(\sqrt{5+2\sqrt{6}}+\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2+2\sqrt{3}\sqrt{2}+\left(\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}=\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{5}\)

\(\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}}-\dfrac{5}{\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{8}}=\sqrt{\sqrt{3}^2+2\sqrt{3}.1+1^2}+\sqrt{\sqrt{3}^2-2\sqrt{3}.1+1^2}-\dfrac{5\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}\right)}-\dfrac{5\left(\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}\right)}{\left(\sqrt{3}+2\sqrt{2}\right)\left(\sqrt{3}-2\sqrt{2}\right)}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}-\dfrac{5\sqrt{3}+10\sqrt{2}}{9-8}-\dfrac{5\sqrt{3}-10\sqrt{2}}{9-8}=\sqrt{3}+1+\sqrt{3}-1-5\sqrt{3}-10\sqrt{2}-5\sqrt{3}+10\sqrt{2}=-8\sqrt{3}\)\(\sqrt{8+2\sqrt{15}}-\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2+2\sqrt{5}\sqrt{3}+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}\right)^2-2\sqrt{5}\sqrt{3}+\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\right)^2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}\right)^2}=\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}=2\sqrt{3}\)

Bài `1`

\(\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}-\dfrac{2}{\sqrt{3}+1}+\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-3}{\sqrt{3}-1}\\ =\sqrt{3-2\sqrt{3}+1}-\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{3-1}-\dfrac{\sqrt{3}\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{\sqrt{3}-1}\\ =\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}\right)^2-2\cdot\sqrt{3}\cdot1+1^2}-\dfrac{2\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)}{2}-\sqrt{3}\\ =\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}-\sqrt{3}+1-\sqrt{3}\\ =\sqrt{3}-1-\sqrt{3}+1-\sqrt{3}\\ =-\sqrt{3}\)

2:

a: \(B=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-24}{x-9}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-3}+\dfrac{2\sqrt{x}-24}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)+2\sqrt{x}-24}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{x+5\sqrt{x}-24}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}=\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+8\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}-3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+8}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)

b: B=5

=>\(5\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)=\sqrt{x}+8\)

=>\(5\sqrt{x}+15=\sqrt{x}+8\)

=>\(4\sqrt{x}=-7\)(loại)

Vậy: \(x\in\varnothing\)

a)   \(A=\sqrt{2-\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{2+\sqrt{3}}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(\sqrt{2}A=\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}\)

                       \(=\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-1\right)^2}+\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}+1\right)^2}\)

                        \(=\sqrt{3}-1+\sqrt{3}+1=2\sqrt{3}\)

\(\Rightarrow\)\(A=\frac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{6}\)

b) bn lm tương tự 

1: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{4-2\sqrt{3}}+\sqrt{4+2\sqrt{3}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{3}-1+\sqrt{3}+1}{\sqrt{2}}=\dfrac{2\sqrt{3}}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{6}\)

2: \(=\dfrac{\sqrt{6-2\sqrt{5}}-\sqrt{6+2\sqrt{5}}}{\sqrt{2}}\)

\(=\dfrac{\sqrt{5}-1-\sqrt{5}-1}{\sqrt{2}}=-\sqrt{2}\)