bài này ta có thể giải theo 2 cách 

ta có A = \(\frac{x^2-2x+2011}{x^2}\)

= \(\frac{x^2}{x^2}\)- \(\frac{2x}{x^2}\)+ \(\frac{2011}{x^2}\)

= 1 - \(\frac{2}{x}\)+ \(\frac{2011}{x^2}\)

đặt \(\frac{1}{x}\)= y ta có 

A= 1- 2y + 2011y^2 

cách 1 : 

A = 2011y^2 - 2y + 1 

= 2011 ( y^2 - \(\frac{2}{2011}y\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011}\)) 

= 2011( y^2 - 2.y.\(\frac{1}{2011}\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011^2}\)- \(\frac{1}{2011^2}\) + \(\frac{1}{2011}\)) 

= 2011 \(\left(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\right)+\frac{2010}{2011^2}\)

= 2011\(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)

vì ( y - \(\frac{1}{2011}\)) ²>=0 

=> 2011\(\left(y-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)> = \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)

hay A >=\(\frac{2010}{2011}\)

cách 2  

A = 2011y^2 - 2y + 1 

= ( \(\sqrt{2011y^2}\)) - 2 . \(\sqrt{2011y}\). \(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\)+ \(\frac{1}{2011}\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)

= \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)

vì \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)> =0 

nên \(\left(\sqrt{2011y}-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2011}}\right)^2\)+ \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)>= \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)

hay A >= \(\frac{2010}{2011}\)

\(A=\frac{x^2-2x+2011}{x^2}=\frac{x^2}{x^2}-\frac{2x}{x^2}+\frac{2011}{x^2}=1-\frac{2}{x}+\frac{2011}{x^2}\)

Đặt \(t=\frac{1}{x}\) ta có: \(A=2011t^2-2t+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=2011t^2-2t+\frac{1}{2011}+\frac{2010}{2011}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=2011\left(t^2-\frac{2t}{2011}+\frac{1}{2011^2}\right)+\frac{2010}{2011}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow A=2011\left(t-\frac{1}{2011}\right)^2+\frac{2010}{2011}\ge\frac{2010}{2011}\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi \(t=\frac{1}{2011}\Leftrightarrow x=2011\)

Ta có:\(\frac{x^2-2x+2011}{x^2}\ge\frac{2010}{2011}\Rightarrow2011\left(x^2-2x+2011\right)\ge2010x^2\)

\(\Rightarrow2011x^2-2x2011+2011^2\ge2010^2\)

\(\Rightarrow2011x^2-2x2011+2011-2010x^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow x^2-2x2011+2011^2\ge0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(x-2011\right)^2\ge0\)(đúng)

\(\Rightarrow\)đpcm

Ta có x²>=0với  mọi x mà x khác 0=>x²>0

A nhỏ nhất  <=>x²-2x+2011nhỏ nhất 

<=>(x-1)²+2009 nhỏ nhất =>giá trị nhỏ nhất 2009

\(M=\)như trên

\(=>M=4x^2-4x+1+x+\frac{1}{4x}+2010\)

\(=>M=\left(4x^2-4x+1\right)+\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)+2010\)

\(=>M=\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)+2010\)

Áp dụng BĐT Cô- si cho 2 số không âm, ta có: 

\(x+\frac{1}{4x}\ge2\sqrt{x.\frac{1}{4x}}=2\sqrt{\frac{1}{4}}=1\)

\(=>M=\left(2x-1\right)^2+\left(x+\frac{1}{4x}\right)+2010\ge0+1+2010=2011\\ \)

=>minM=2011 khi x=\(\frac{1}{2}\)

b: \(A=\dfrac{2-1}{3\cdot2}=\dfrac{1}{6}\)

A = \(\dfrac{x^2-2x+2020}{2021x^2}\)

= \(\dfrac{2020x^2-2.2020.x+2020^2}{2021.2020x^2}\)

\(=\dfrac{2019x^2}{2021.2020x^2}+\dfrac{x^2-2.2020.x+2020^2}{2021.2020x^2}\)

= \(\dfrac{2019}{2021.2020}+\dfrac{\left(x-2020\right)^2}{2021.2020x^2}\ge\dfrac{2019}{2021.2020}\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> x - 2020 = 0

                       <=> x = 2020

Vậy minA = \(\dfrac{2019}{2021.2020}\)đạt được tại x = 2020

a, ĐKXĐ: \(\hept{\begin{cases}5x+25\ne0\\x\ne0\\x^2+5x\ne0\end{cases}\Rightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}5\left(x+5\right)\ne0\\x\ne0\\x\left(x+5\right)\ne0\end{cases}\Rightarrow}}\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne0\\x\ne-5\end{cases}}\)

b, \(P=\frac{x^2}{5x+25}+\frac{2x-10}{x}+\frac{50+5x}{x^2+5x}\)

\(=\frac{x^3}{5x\left(x+5\right)}+\frac{5\left(2x-10\right)\left(x+5\right)}{5x\left(x+5\right)}+\frac{\left(50+5x\right).5}{5x\left(x+5\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x^3+10\left(x-5\right)\left(x+5\right)+250+25x}{5x\left(x+5\right)}\)

\(=\frac{x^3+10x^2+25x}{5x\left(x+5\right)}=\frac{x\left(x+5\right)^2}{5x\left(x+5\right)}=\frac{x+5}{5}\)

c, \(P=-4\Rightarrow\frac{x+5}{5}=-4\Rightarrow x+5=-20\Rightarrow x=-25\)

d, \(\frac{1}{P}\in Z\Rightarrow\frac{5}{x+5}\in Z\Rightarrow5⋮\left(x+5\right)\Rightarrow x+5\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{-5;-1;1;5\right\}\Rightarrow x\in\left\{-10;-6;-4;0\right\}\)

Mà x khác 0 (ĐKXĐ của P) nên \(x\in\left\{-10;-6;-4\right\}\)

a) \(ĐKXĐ:\hept{\begin{cases}5x+25\ne0\\x\ne0\\x^2+5x\ne0\end{cases}}\Leftrightarrow\hept{\begin{cases}x\ne0\\x\ne-5\end{cases}}\)

b) \(P=\frac{x^2}{5x+25}+\frac{2x-10}{x}+\frac{50+5x}{x^2+5x}\)

\(P=\frac{x^3}{5x\left(x+5\right)}+\frac{10x^2-250}{5x\left(x+5\right)}+\frac{250+25x}{5x\left(x+5\right)}\)

\(P=\frac{x^3+10x^2+25x}{5x\left(x+5\right)}=\frac{x\left(x+5\right)^2}{5x\left(x+5\right)}=\frac{x+5}{5}\)

c) \(P=4\Leftrightarrow\frac{x+5}{5}=4\Leftrightarrow x+5=20\Leftrightarrow x=15\)

d) \(\frac{1}{P}=\frac{5}{x+5}\in Z\Leftrightarrow5⋮x+5\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x+5\inƯ\left(5\right)=\left\{\pm1;\pm5\right\}\)

Lập bảng nhé

e) \(Q=P+\frac{x+25}{x+5}=\frac{x+30}{x+5}=1+\frac{25}{x+5}\)

\(Q_{min}\Leftrightarrow\frac{25}{x+5}_{min}\)

Ta có A=\(\dfrac{x^2-2x+2011}{x^2}\)\(=\dfrac{2011\left(x^2-2x+2011\right)}{2011x^2}\)

=\(\dfrac{x^2-2.2011x+2011^2+2010x^2}{2011x^2}\)

=\(\dfrac{\left(x-2011\right)^2+2010x^2}{2011x^2}\) =\(\dfrac{\left(x-2011\right)^2}{2011x^2}\) +\(\dfrac{2010}{2011}\)

\(\ge\)\(\dfrac{2010}{2011}\)(vì \(\dfrac{\left(x-2011\right)^2}{2011x^2}\ge0\) )

Dấu "=" xảy ra <=> (x-2011)² = 0 => x-2011=0

=> x= 2011

Vậy GTNN của A = \(\dfrac{2010}{2011}\) khi x= 2011