1, Cho thử QT:
- Chuyển đỏ -> CH₃COOH

- Ko đổi màu -> C₂H₅OH, H₂O (1)

Đem (1) đi đốt:

- Cháy được -> C₂H₅OH

\(C_2H_5OH+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CO_2+3H_2O\) 

- Ko cháy được -> H₂O

2, CTCT:

- C₂H₄: \(CH_2=CH_2\)

- C₄H₈Cl₂: \(CH_2Cl-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2Cl\)

- C₃H₅Cl: \(C=C\left(C\right)-Cl\)

- C₃H₈: \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_3\)

Chọn B

12.

Viết CTCT ứng với CTPT:

C₂H₆O: CH₃-CH₂-OH; CH₃ - O -CH₃

C₃H₆0: CH₃-CH₂-CHO; CH₂ = CH -CH₂-OH; CH₂ = CH - O - CH_3;

C₄H₁₀: CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃;

Viết CTCT ứng với CTPT:

C₂H₆O: CH₃-CH₂-OH; CH₃ - O -CH₃

C₃H₆0: CH₃-CH₂-CHO; CH₂ = CH -CH₂-OH; CH₂ = CH - O - CH_3;

C₄H₁₀: CH₃-CH₂-CH₂-CH₃;

a) Xét m_C : m_H : m_O = 64,865% : 13,51% : 21,625%

=> n_C : n_H : n_O = \(\dfrac{64,865}{12}:\dfrac{13,51}{1}:\dfrac{21,625}{16}=4:10:1\)

=> CTPT: (C₄H₁₀O)_n hay C_4nH_10nO_n ( n thuộc N*)

Xét độ bất bão hòa \(=\dfrac{2.4n+2-10n}{2}=\dfrac{2-2n}{2}=1-n\ge0\)

=> n = 1

Vậy CTPT: C₄H₁₀O

CTCT: 

(1) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2OH\)

(2) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH\left(OH\right)-CH_3\)

(3) \(CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-CH_2OH\)

(4) \(CH_3-C\left(OH\right)\left(CH_3\right)-CH_3\)

(5) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-O-CH_3\)

(6) \(CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-O-CH_3\)

(7) \(CH_3-CH_2-O-CH_2-CH_3\)

b) Xét m_C : m_H : m_N = 61,017% : 15,254% : 23,729%

=> \(n_C:n_H:n_N=\dfrac{61,017}{12}:\dfrac{15,254}{1}:\dfrac{23,729}{14}=3:9:1\)

=> CTPT: (C₃H₉N)_n hay C_3nH_9nN_n ( n thuộc N*)

Xét độ bất bão hòa \(\dfrac{2.3n+2-9n+n}{2}=1-n\)

=> n = 1

=> CTPT: C₃H₉N

CTCT:

(1) \(CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-NH_2\)

(2) \(CH_3-CH\left(NH_2\right)-CH_3\)

(3) \(CH_3-CH_2-NH-CH_3\)

(4) \(\left(CH_3\right)N\)

a) 

\(CTTQ:C_aH_bO_z\left(a,b,z:nguyên,dương\right)\\ Ta.có:a:b:z=\dfrac{64,865\%}{12}:\dfrac{13,51\%}{1}:\dfrac{100\%-\left(64,865\%+13,51\%\right)}{16}\\ =0,054:0,1351:0,0135=4:10:1\\ \Rightarrow a=4;b=10;z=1\\ \Rightarrow CTPT:C_4H_{10}O\\ CTCT:CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-CH_2-OH\left(1\right)\\ CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-CH_2-OH\left(2\right)\\ CH_3-CH_2-CH\left(CH_3\right)-OH\left(3\right)\\ CH_3-C\left(OH\right)-CH\left(CH_3\right)-CH_3\left(4\right)\\ CH_3-CH_2-CH_2-O-CH_3\left(5\right)\\ CH_3-CH\left(CH_3\right)-O-CH_3\left(6\right)\\ CH_3-CH_2-O-CH_2-CH_3\left(7\right)\)

Gọi tên:

(1) Ancol butylic

(2) 2 - metylpropan - 1 - ol

(3) Butan - 2 - ol

(4) 2 - metylpropan - 2 - ol

(5) metylpropyl ete

(6) Isopropylmetyl ete

(7) Đietyl ete

\(b,CTTQ:C_uH_vN_s\left(u,v,s:nguyên,dương\right)\\ Ta.có:u:v:s=\dfrac{61,017\%}{12}:\dfrac{15,254\%}{1}:\dfrac{100\%-\left(61,017\%+15,254\%\right)}{14}\\ =0,051:0,15254:0,017=3:9:1\\ \Rightarrow u=3;v=9;s=1\\ \Rightarrow CTHH:C_3H_9N\\ CTCT:CH_3-\left[CH_2\right]_2-NH_2\left(1\right)\\ CH_3-CH\left(NH_3\right)-CH_3\left(2\right)\\ CH_3-CH_2-NH-CH_3\left(3\right)\\ \left(CH_3\right)_3N\left(4\right)\)

Gọi tên:

(1) Propan - 1 - amin

(2) Propan - 2 - amin

(3) N - metyletanamin

(4) Trimetyl amin

1. Chất A có dạng C X H Y C l Z

x : y : z = 2,02 : 4,04 : 2,02 = 1 : 2 : 1

Công thức đơn giản nhất là C H 2 C l .

2. MA = 2,25 x 44,0 = 99,0 (g/mol)

( C H ₂ C l ) n  = 99,0 ⇒ 49,5n = 99,0 ⇒ n = 2

CTPT là C 2 H 4 C l 2 .

3. Các CTCT:

K₂CO₃

KHCO₃

K₂SO₃

KHSO₃

SO₂

SO₃

H₂S

H₂O

K₂O

K₂S

KHS

CO₂

CO

K₂SO₄

KHSO₄

KOH

CS₂