a: \(=\left(\dfrac{5}{8}-\dfrac{28}{8}\right)\cdot\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{-23}{8}\cdot\dfrac{5}{6}=\dfrac{-115}{48}\)

b: \(=\dfrac{4}{7}\cdot\dfrac{24+25}{15}=\dfrac{4}{7}\cdot\dfrac{49}{15}=\dfrac{28}{15}\)

c: \(=\dfrac{7}{2}:\dfrac{24-10}{15}=\dfrac{7}{2}\cdot\dfrac{15}{14}=\dfrac{15}{4}\)

a: =2/5-3/5+3/7=3/7-1/5

=15/35-7/35

=8/35

b: =>5/7:x=4/3

=>x=5/7:4/3=5/7*3/4=15/28

c: =>x-1/3=15/8:4/5=15/8*5/4=75/32

=>x=75/32+1/3=257/96

d: =>2x+1/8=2/7

=>2x=9/56

=>x=9/112

e: =>2x=10/3-5/4-3/4=10/3-2=4/3

=>x=2/3

\(a,\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{3}{7}+\left(-\dfrac{3}{5}\right)\\ =\dfrac{2}{5}+\dfrac{3}{7}-\dfrac{3}{5}\\=\left(\dfrac{2}{5}-\dfrac{3}{5}\right)+\dfrac{3}{7}\\ =-\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{3}{7}\\ =-\dfrac{7}{35}+\dfrac{15}{35}\\ =\dfrac{8}{35}\\ b,1-\dfrac{5}{7}:x=-\dfrac{1}{3}\\ =>\dfrac{5}{7}:x=1-\left(-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)\\ =>\dfrac{5}{7}:x=1+\dfrac{1}{3}\\ =>\dfrac{5}{7}:x=\dfrac{3}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3}\\ =>\dfrac{5}{7}:x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\ =>x=\dfrac{5}{7}:\dfrac{4}{3}\\ =>x=\dfrac{5}{7}.\dfrac{3}{4}\\ =>x=\dfrac{15}{28}\\ c,\dfrac{4}{5}\left(x-\dfrac{1}{3}\right)=\dfrac{15}{8}\\ =>x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{15}{8}:\dfrac{4}{5}\\ =>x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{15}{8}.\dfrac{5}{4}\\ =>x-\dfrac{1}{3}=\dfrac{75}{32}\\ =>x=\dfrac{75}{32}+\dfrac{1}{3}\\ =>x=\dfrac{257}{96}\)

\(d,\dfrac{2}{3}:\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{8}\right)=\dfrac{7}{3}\\ =>2x+\dfrac{1}{8}=\dfrac{2}{3}:\dfrac{7}{3}\\ =>2x+\dfrac{1}{8}=\dfrac{2}{3}.\dfrac{3}{7}\\ =>2x+\dfrac{1}{8}=\dfrac{2}{7}\\ =>2x=\dfrac{2}{7}-\dfrac{1}{8}\\ =>2x=\dfrac{16}{56}-\dfrac{7}{56}\\ =>2x=\dfrac{9}{56}\\ =>x=\dfrac{9}{56}:2\\ =>x=\dfrac{9}{112}\\ e,2x+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{10}{3}-\dfrac{5}{4}\\ =>e,2x+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{40}{12}-\dfrac{15}{12}\\ =>2x+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{25}{12}\\ =>2x=\dfrac{25}{12}-\dfrac{3}{4}\\ =>2x=\dfrac{25}{12}-\dfrac{9}{12}\\ =>2x=\dfrac{16}{12}\\ =>2x=\dfrac{4}{3}\\ =>x=\dfrac{4}{3}:2\\ =>x=\dfrac{4}{6}\\ =>x=\dfrac{2}{3}\)

1; 5.2² + (\(x\) + 3) = 5²

   5.4  +  (\(x\) + 3) = 25

    20 + (\(x\) + 3) = 25

             \(x\) + 3 = 25 - 20

             \(x+3\) = 5

             \(x\)       = 5  - 3

            \(x\)        = 2

            Vậy \(x=2\)

2; 2³ + (\(x\) - 3²) = 5³ - 4³

   8 +  (\(x\) - 9)    = 125 - 64

   8 + (\(x\) - 9) = 61

         \(x\) - 9 = 61 - 8

         \(x\) - 9 = 53

        \(x\)        = 53  + 9

        \(x\)       = 62

        Vậy \(x\) = 62

3; 3.2 + (\(x\) + 5²) = 10²

       6 + (\(x\) + 25) = 100

              \(x\) + 25 = 100 - 6

              \(x\) + 25  = 94

               \(x\)          = 94 - 25

               \(x\)          = 69

Vậy \(x\) = 69

Lời giải:
a.

$-18: \frac{3}{5}=-18.\frac{5}{3}=-30$

b.

$\frac{3}{4}:(-9)=\frac{3}{4}.\frac{-1}{9}=\frac{-1}{12}$

c.

$\frac{13}{20}-\frac{6}{7}: \frac{10}{21}=\frac{13}{20}-\frac{6}{7}.\frac{21}{10}$

$=\frac{13}{20}-\frac{9}{5}=\frac{13}{20}-\frac{36}{20}=\frac{-23}{20}$

d.

$\frac{-21}{5}: (\frac{7}{3}.\frac{7}{5})=\frac{-21}{5}: \frac{49}{15}$

$=\frac{-21}{5}.\frac{15}{49}=\frac{-9}{7}$

e.

$(\frac{-2}{5}+\frac{1}{4}): (1-\frac{2}{5})$

$=\frac{-3}{20}: \frac{3}{5}=\frac{-1}{4}$

a) \(2^5+5.13-3.2^3\)

\(=32+5.13-3.8\)

\(=32+65-24\)

\(=97-24\)

\(=73\)

b) \(5^{13}:5^{10}-5^2.2^2\)

\(=5^3-25.4\)

\(=125-100\)

\(=25\)

c) \(4^5:4^3-3^9:3^7+5^0\)

\(=4^2-3^2+1\)

\(=16-9+1\)

\(=7+1\)

\(=8\)

a; - \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) - (- \(\dfrac{1}{6}\)) + (- \(\dfrac{2}{5}\))

= - \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{6}\)  - \(\dfrac{2}{5}\)

=  \(-\dfrac{40}{60}\) + \(\dfrac{45}{60}\) + \(\dfrac{10}{60}\) - \(\dfrac{24}{60}\)

=      \(\dfrac{5}{60}\) + \(\dfrac{10}{60}\) - \(\dfrac{24}{60}\)

  =      \(\dfrac{15}{60}\) - \(\dfrac{24}{60}\)

 =  - \(\dfrac{3}{20}\) 

b; (- \(\dfrac{2}{3}\)) + (- \(\dfrac{1}{5}\)) + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{6}\) - \(\dfrac{-7}{10}\)

 = - \(\dfrac{2}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{5}\) + \(\dfrac{3}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{6}\) + \(\dfrac{7}{10}\)

= - \(\dfrac{40}{60}\) - \(\dfrac{12}{60}\) + \(\dfrac{45}{60}\) - \(\dfrac{50}{60}\) + \(\dfrac{42}{60}\)

= - \(\dfrac{52}{60}\) + \(\dfrac{45}{60}\) - \(\dfrac{50}{60}\) + \(\dfrac{42}{60}\)

= - \(\dfrac{7}{60}\) - \(\dfrac{50}{60}\) + \(\dfrac{42}{60}\)

= - \(\dfrac{57}{60}\) + \(\dfrac{42}{60}\)

= - \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)

+ d; \(\dfrac{1}{100.99}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{99.98}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{98.97}\) - ... - \(\dfrac{1}{3.2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2.1}\)

  = \(\dfrac{1}{100.99}\) - (\(\dfrac{1}{99.98}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{98.97}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{3.2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2.1}\))

 = \(\dfrac{1}{100.99}\) - (\(\dfrac{1}{1.2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2.3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3.4}\) + ... + \(\dfrac{1}{98.97}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{98.99}\))

=  \(\dfrac{1}{100.99}\) - (\(\dfrac{1}{1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{2}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4}\) + ...+ \(\dfrac{1}{98}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{97}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{98}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{99}\))

=  \(\dfrac{1}{100.99}\) - (\(\dfrac{1}{1}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{99}\))

=  \(\dfrac{1}{100.99}\) - \(\dfrac{98}{99}\)

= - \(\dfrac{9799}{9900}\)

\(a:=\left(\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\right)+\left(\dfrac{1}{5}+\dfrac{2}{5}\right)\\ =1+\dfrac{3}{5}=1\dfrac{3}{5}\\ b:=\left(\dfrac{2}{7}+\dfrac{1}{7}\right)+\left(\dfrac{5}{14}+\dfrac{3}{14}\right)\\ =\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{8}{14}\\ =\dfrac{3}{7}+\dfrac{4}{7}=1\)