1.\(\left(x-5\right).\left(x+5\right)-\left(x+3\right)^2=2x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-25-\left(x^2+6x+9\right)=2x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-25-x^2-6x-9=2x-3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^2-25-x^2-6x-9-2x+3=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x-31=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-31}{8}\)
\(\left(x-4\right)^3-\left(x-5\right)\left(x^2+5x+25\right)=\left(x+2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)-\left(x+4\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)^3-\left(x^3-5^3\right)=\left(x^3+2^3\right)-\left(x+4\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-4\right)^3-x^3+5^3=x^3+2^3-\left(x+4\right)^3\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^3-12x^2+48x-64\right)-x^3+5^3=x^3+2^3-\left(x^3+12x^2+48x+64\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x^3-12x^2+48x-64-x^3+5^3=x^3+2^3-x^3-12x^2-48x-64\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-12x^2+48x-64+5^3=2^3-12x^2-48x-64\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-12x^2+48x-61=-12x^2-48x-56\)
\(\Leftrightarrow96x=-117\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-117}{96}=\dfrac{-39}{32}\)
2. \(\left(2x+3\right)^2+\left(x-1\right)\left(x+1\right)=5\left(x+2\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+12x+9+x^2-1=5\left(x^2+4x+4\right)\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+12x+9+x^2-1=5x^2+20x+20\)
\(\Leftrightarrow4x^2+x^2-5x^2+12x-20x=20-9+1\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-8x=12\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{-12}{8}=\dfrac{-3}{2}\)