PTHH: \(CaO+2HNO_3\rightarrow Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2+H_2O\)
\(MgCO_3+2HNO_3\rightarrow Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2+CO_2\uparrow+H_2O\)
Ta có: \(n_{CO_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{MgCO_3}=n_{Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2}\) \(\Rightarrow n_{CaO}=\dfrac{18-0,1\cdot84}{56}=\dfrac{6}{35}\left(mol\right)=n_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot84}{18}\cdot100\%\approx46,67\%\\\%m_{CaO}=53,33\%\end{matrix}\right.\)
Theo đề bài, ta có: \(m_{ddHNO_3}=500\cdot1,08=540\left(g\right)\) \(\Rightarrow\Sigma n_{HNO_3}=\dfrac{540\cdot12,6\%}{63}=1,08\left(mol\right)\)
Theo PTHH: \(n_{HNO_3\left(p.ứ\right)}=2n_{CaO}+2n_{MgCO_3}=\dfrac{19}{35}\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow n_{HNO_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{94}{175}\left(mol\right)\)
Mặt khác: \(m_{CO_2}=0,1\cdot44=4,4\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{dd\left(sau.pư\right)}=m_A+m_{ddHNO_3}-m_{CO_2}=553,6\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}C\%_{Mg\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot148}{553,6}\cdot100\%\approx2,67\%\\C\%_{Ca\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{\dfrac{6}{35}\cdot164}{553,6}\cdot100\%\approx5,08\%\\C\%_{HNO_3\left(dư\right)}=\dfrac{\dfrac{19}{35}\cdot63}{553,6}\cdot100\%\approx6,18\%\end{matrix}\right.\)