\(A=\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}+\dfrac{4}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(3A=3\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}+\dfrac{4}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(3A=1+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3^2}+\dfrac{4}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{100}{3^{99}}\)
\(3A-A=\left(1+\dfrac{2}{3}+\dfrac{3}{3^2}+\dfrac{4}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{100}{3^{99}}\right)-\left(\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{2}{3^2}+\dfrac{3}{3^3}+\dfrac{4}{3^4}+...+\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}\right)\)
\(2A=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}-\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}\)
Đặt:
\(B=1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(3B=3\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)
\(3B=3+1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\)
\(3B-B=\left(3+1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{98}}\right)-\left(1+\dfrac{1}{3}+\dfrac{1}{3^2}+\dfrac{1}{3^3}+...+\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\right)\)\(2B=3-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}}\)
\(B=\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}.2}\)
Vậy \(2A=\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}.2}-\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}\)
\(A=\dfrac{\dfrac{3}{2}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}.2}+\dfrac{100}{3^{100}}}{2}=\dfrac{3}{4}-\dfrac{1}{3^{99}.4}+\dfrac{100}{3^{100}.2}< \dfrac{3}{4}\)
Ta có đpcm
