1. Match the words in the box with 1-16 in the pictures. Then listen and check.

(Nối các từ trong khung với số 1-16 trong các bức ảnh. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

Exercise 1. Check the meanings of the words in the box and match them with pictures 1-9. Then complete the text with the correct words.

(Kiểm tra nghĩa của các từ trong khung và nối chúng với bức tranh 1-9. Sau đó hoàn thành văn bản với các từ đúng.)

Vertebrates

Vertebrates are animals with backbones. The following groups are the different types of vertebrates.

Fish

Fish are cold blooded animals and they live in water. They have got scales and (1)………… . They haven't got lungs. They have got (2)………… instead.

Mammals

All mammals are warm-blooded and they feed their babies milk. Most mammals live on land, for example, humans and dogs. However, some mammals, like whales, live in water, but they haven't got gills. Mammals have all got (3)………… .

Birds

Birds live on land, but some of them look for food in the water. They have got (4)………… , two legs

and two (5)………… . Some birds, like ostriches and kiwis, can't fly. All birds lay eggs.

Amphibians

When amphibians are young, they live in water and they haven't got lungs. When they are adult, they have got lungs and four (6)………… - for example, frogs and toads.

Reptiles

Most reptiles live on land. They have got lungs and (7)………… but not gills. They haven't got any wings or feathers and they haven't got any (8)………… . They are cold blooded animals and many of them live in warm places.

Read the article and look at the pictures. Match the underlined words in the article with pictures 1-4.

A gut feeling?

Emotions do not just occur in your mind; they also have a physical effect on your body. A group of scientists from Finland decided to find out which emotions affect which parts of the body. They asked 701 volunteers to colour in silhouettes in response to emotional words, stories and videos. The results show that the people generally experience emotions like anger, envy and shame in similar ways.

For example, when you're angry, you probably feel that anger mostly in your chest and head. But if you feel ashamed, you probably notice it in your face and, in particular, your cheeks. Depression makes your whole body feel less active, whereas happiness affects your whole body in a positive way.

'Hot' colours like yellow and red show an increase in activity, while blue shows the opposite. Black is neutral.