\(n_{HCl}=0.2\cdot1.5=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(n_{KOH}=0.15\cdot2=0.3\left(mol\right)\)

\(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)

\(0.3..........0.3..........0.3\)

\(m_{KCl}=0.3\cdot74.5=22.35\left(g\right)\)

\(C_{M_{KCl}}=\dfrac{0.3}{0.2+0.15}=0.85\left(M\right)\)

\(n_{CaO}=n_{CaCO_3}=a\\ 56a+100a=31,2\\ a=0,2=n_{CO_2}\\ n_{KOH}=0,4\cdot0,75=0,3\\ n_{OH^-}:n_{CO_2}=0,3:0,2=1,5\Rightarrow K_2CO_3\left(x\right);KHCO_3\left(y\right)\\ 2x+y=0,3\\ x+y=0,2\\ x=0,1;y=0,1\\ m=0,1\left(106+100\right)=20,6g\)

\(n_{KOH}=0,2.0,2=0,04(mol); n_{H_3PO_4}=0,15.0,15=0,0225(mol)\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{n_{KOH}}{n_{H_3PO_4}}=\dfrac{0,04}{0,0225} \Rightarrow 1<\dfrac{n_{KOH}}{n_{H_3PO_4}}<2\)

\(\Rightarrow \) Tạo 2 muối \(K_2HPO_4,KH_2PO_4\)

Đặt \(\begin{cases} n_{KH_2PO_4}=x(mol)\\ n_{K_2HPO_4}=y(mol) \end{cases}\)

Bảo toàn K: \(x+2y=0,04(1)\)

Bảo toàn P: \(x+y=0,0225(2)\)

\((1)(2)\Rightarrow \begin{cases} x=0,005(mol)\\ y=0,0175(mol) \end{cases}\\ \Rightarrow \begin{cases} C_{M_{KH_2PO_4}}=\dfrac{0,005}{0,2+0,15}\approx 0,014M\\ C_{M_{K_2HPO_4}}=\dfrac{0,0175}{0,2+0,15}=0,05M \end{cases}\)

a, Ta có: \(n_{KOH}=0,15.2=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

PT: \(KOH+HCl\rightarrow KCl+H_2O\)

Theo PT: \(n_{HCl\left(pư\right)}=n_{KOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

Mà: HCl dư 15%

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=0,3+0,3.15\%=0,345\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,345}{1,5}=0,23\left(l\right)\)

b, Theo PT: \(n_{KCl}=n_{KOH}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow C_{M_{KCl}}=\dfrac{0,3}{0,15+0,23}\approx0,789\left(M\right)\)

\(C_{M_{HCl\left(dư\right)}}=\dfrac{0,3.15\%}{0,15+0,23}\approx0,118\left(M\right)\)

\(a)Bte:3n_{Fe}+3n_{Al}=n_{Ag}\\ \Leftrightarrow n_{Ag_3}=0,1.3+0,1.3\\ \Leftrightarrow n_{Ag}=0,6mol\\ m_{rắn}=m_{Ag}=0,6.108=64,8g\\ BTNT\left(Ag\right):n_{Ag}=n_{AgNO_3}=0,6mol\\ V_{AgNO_3}=\dfrac{0,6}{2}=0,3l\\ BTNT\left(Al\right):n_{Al}=2n_{Al_2O_3}\\ \Leftrightarrow0,1=2n_{Al_2O_3}\\ \Leftrightarrow n_{Al_2O_3}=0,05mol\\ BTNT\left(Fe\right):n_{Fe}=2n_{Fe_2O_3}\\ \Leftrightarrow0,1=2n_{Fe_2O_3}\\ \Leftrightarrow n_{Fe_2O_3}=0,05mol \\ b=m_{oxit.bazo}=0,05.\left(160+102\right)=13,1g\)

nMgCL2=0.2(mol)

nKOH=0.3(mol)

MgCL2+2KOH->Mg(OH)2+2KCl

0.2 0.3

->MgCl dư

nMg(OH)2=0.15(mol)CM=0.6(M)

nKCl=0.3(mol)CM=1.2(M)

nMgCl dư=0.2-0.3:2=0.05(mol)CM=0.2(M)

nNaOH=0,025mol

nH2SO4=0,015mol

2NaOH+H2SO4->Na2SO4+2H2O

Ta có 0,025/2 <0,015/1 =>H2SO4 dư

Khi nhúng quì tím vào dd thì quì tím chuyển sang màu đỏ

2NaOH+H2SO4->Na2SO4+2H2O

0,025     0,0125      0,0125

DD X: H2SO4:0,0025mol

Na2SO4: 0,0125mol

C(H2SO4)=0,00625M

C(NaOH)=0,03125M

3. Cần dùng KOH 1M để trung hòa dd X

H2SO4+2KOH->K2SO4+H2O

0,0025    0,005

V(KOH)=n/C=0,005lit=5ml

1) $n_{NaOH} = 0,015(mol) ; n_{H_2SO_4} = 0,025(mol)$
$2NaOH + H_2SO_4 \to Na_2SO_4 + H_2O$

Ta thấy : 

$n_{NaOH} : 2 < n_{H_2SO_4} : 1$ nên $H_2SO_4$ dư

Do đó quỳ tím hóa đỏ.

2)

$n_{Na_2SO_4} = \dfrac{1}{2}n_{NaOH} = 0,0075(mol)$
$n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 0,025 - 0,0075 = 0,0175(mol)$

$V_{dd\ X} = 0,15 + 0,25 = 0,4(lít)$

Suy ra : 

$C_{M_{Na_2SO_4}} = \dfrac{0,0075}{0,4} = 0,01875M$
$C_{M_{H_2SO_4\ dư}} = \dfrac{0,0175}{0,4}  = 0,04375M$

3)

$2KOH + H_2SO_4 \to K_2SO_4 + H_2O$
$n_{KOH} = 2n_{H_2SO_4\ dư} = 0,035(mol)$
$V_{dd\ KOH} =\dfrac{0,035}{1} = 0,035(lít)$

n_HCl = 0,15.2 = 0,3 mol. n_KOH = 0,1. 1 = 0,1 mol

=> n_{HCl pứ với kim loại} = 0,3 - 0,1 = 0,2 mol.

Ta có: 2M + 2nHCl ---> 2MCl_n + nH₂

=> n_M = 0,2/n mol

=> M _{kim loại} = 2,4 : (0,2/n) = 12n

Nếu n = I => M = 12 (loại).

Nếu n = II => M = 24 là kim loại magie (Mg) - thỏa mãn.