a, \(=>R5nt\left[\left(R1//R3\right)nt\left(R2//R4\right)\right]\)

\(=>Rtd=R5+\dfrac{R1R3}{R1+R3}+\dfrac{R2.R4}{R2+R4}=1,2+\dfrac{8.12}{8+12}+\dfrac{8.24}{8+24}\)\(=12\left(om\right)\)

b,\(=>Im=\dfrac{4}{12}=\dfrac{1}{3}A=I5=I13=I24\)

\(=>U13=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{8.12}{8+12}\right)=1,6V=U1=U3\)

\(=>I1=\dfrac{1,6}{8}=0,2A,I3=\dfrac{1,6}{12}=\dfrac{2}{15}A\)

\(=>U24=\dfrac{1}{3}\left(\dfrac{8,24}{8+24}\right)=2V=U2=U4\)

\(=>I2=\dfrac{2}{8}=0,25A,I4=\dfrac{2}{24}=\dfrac{1}{12}A\)

c, giả sử chiều dòng điện qua ampe kế từ M đến N

\(=>I1=Ia+I2=>Ia=I1-I2=0,2-0,25=-0,05A\)

=>chiều dòng điện phải từ N tới M =>số chỉ ampe kế là 0,05A

\(R_{12}=\dfrac{R_1R_2}{R_1+R_2}=\dfrac{4\cdot4}{4+4}=2\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_{34}=R_3+R_4=3+5=8\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_{345}=\dfrac{R_5R_{34}}{R_5+R_{34}}=\dfrac{8\cdot8}{8+8}=4\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(R_{tđ}=R_{12}+R_{345}=2+4=6\left(\Omega\right)\)

\(I_{12}=I_{345}=I=\dfrac{U}{R_{tđ}}=\dfrac{12}{6}=2\left(A\right)\)

\(U_1=U_2=U_{12}=I_{12}\cdot R_{12}=2\cdot2=4\left(V\right)\)

\(U_5=U_{34}=U_{345}=I_{345}\cdot R_{345}=2\cdot4=8\left(V\right)\)

\(I_1=\dfrac{U_1}{R_1}=\dfrac{4}{4}=1\left(A\right)\)

\(I_2=\dfrac{U_2}{R_2}=\dfrac{4}{4}=1\left(A\right)\)

\(I_3=I_4=I_{34}=\dfrac{U_{34}}{R_{34}}=\dfrac{8}{8}=1\left(A\right)\)

\(I_5=\dfrac{U_5}{R_5}=\dfrac{8}{8}=1\left(A\right)\)

CTM: \(\left(R_1//R_2//R_3\right)ntR_4\)

\(\dfrac{1}{R_{123}}=\dfrac{1}{R_1}+\dfrac{1}{R_2}+\dfrac{1}{R_3}=\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{30}+\dfrac{1}{30}=\dfrac{1}{10}\Rightarrow R_{123}=10\Omega\)

\(R_{tđ}=R_{123}+R_4=10+15=25\Omega\)

\(I_1=0,5A\Rightarrow U_1=I_1\cdot R_1=0,5\cdot30=15V=U_{123}=U_2=U_3\)

\(I_m=I_4=I_{123}=\dfrac{U_{123}}{R_{123}}=\dfrac{15}{10}=1,5A\)

\(I_2=I_3=\dfrac{U_3}{R_3}=\dfrac{15}{30}=0,5A\)

\(U_{AC}=I_m\cdot R_{tđ}=1,5\cdot25=37,5V\)

Điện năng mạch tiêu thụ trong 10h:

\(A=UIt=37,5\cdot1,5\cdot10\cdot3600=2025000J=0,5625kWh\)

cho chị xin mạch điện nèo