\(m_{KL\left(mỗi.phần\right)}=\dfrac{1}{2}.15,6=7,8\left(g\right)\)

- Phần 1:

\(n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{7,84}{22,4}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

PTHH:

\(Zn+2H_2SO_{4\left(đ,nóng\right)}\rightarrow ZnSO_4+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\left(1\right)\\ Cu+2H_2SO_{4\left(đ,nóng\right)}\rightarrow CuSO_4+SO_2\uparrow+2H_2O\left(2\right)\\ 2Al+6H_2SO_{4\left(đ,nóng\right)}\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2\uparrow+6H_2O\left(3\right)\)

Theo PTHH (1,2, 3): \(n_{H_2O}=n_{H_2SO_4}=2n_{SO_2}=2.0,35=0,7\left(mol\right)\)

Áp dụng ĐLBTKL:

\(m_{KL}+m_{H_2SO_4}=m_{muối.sunfat}+m_{SO_2}+m_{H_2O}\)

=> m_{muối sunfat} = 7,8 + 0,7.98 - 0,35.64 - 0,7.18 = 41,4 (g)

\(\rightarrow m_{SO_4^{2-}}=41,4-7,8=33,6\left(g\right)\\ n_{SO_4^{2-}}=\dfrac{33,6}{96}=0,35\left(mol\right)\)

- Phần 2:

PTHH:

\(2Zn+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2ZnO\\ 2Cu+O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2CuO\\ 4Al+3O_2\underrightarrow{t^o}2Al_2O_3\)

\(n_{O^{2-}}=n_{SO_4^{2-}}=0,35\left(mol\right)\\ \rightarrow m_{O^{2-}}=0,35.16=5,6\left(g\right)\\ \rightarrow m=5,6+7,8=13,4\left(g\right)\)

2Al+6HCl->2AlCL3+3H2(1)

Mg+2HCL->MgCL2+H2(2)

Cu+2H2SO4(đặc)->CuSO4+SO2+2H2O(3)

(3)=>nCu=nSO2=2,24/22,4=0,1mol

=>mCu=0,1.64=6,4g ???? lớn hơn m hỗn hợp đề chắc sai

Bài 1:

PTHH: \(Fe+H_2SO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

            \(Fe_2O_3+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2O\)

Ta có: \(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{2,24}{22,4}=0,1\left(mol\right)=n_{Fe}\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot56}{37,6}\cdot100\%\approx14,89\%\)

\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Fe_2O_3}=85,11\%\) 

Bài 3: 

PTHH: \(2HNO_3+Ba\left(OH\right)_2\rightarrow Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2+2H_2O\)

Ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{HNO_3}=0,05\cdot1=0,05\left(mol\right)\\n_{Ba\left(OH\right)_2}=\dfrac{342\cdot5\%}{171}=0,1\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Xét tỉ lệ: \(\dfrac{0,05}{2}< \dfrac{0,1}{1}\) \(\Rightarrow\) Axit p/ứ hết, Bazơ còn dư sau p/ứ

\(\Rightarrow\) Dung dịch sau p/ứ làm quỳ tím hóa xanh

Theo PTHH: \(n_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=\dfrac{1}{2}n_{HNO_3}=0,025\left(mol\right)\) \(\Rightarrow m_{Ba\left(NO_3\right)_2}=0,025\cdot261=6,525\left(g\right)\)

Bài 2:

Theo đề bài: \(\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{6,4}{14,2}\cdot100\%\approx45,07\%\)

PTHH: \(2Al+3H_2SO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3H_2\uparrow\)

               a_________________________\(\dfrac{3}{2}\)a   (mol)

            \(Mg+H_2SO_4\rightarrow MgSO_4+H_2\uparrow\)

                b_____________________b     (mol)

Ta lập được hệ phương trình \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27a+24b=14,2-6,4=7,8\\\dfrac{3}{2}a+b=\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\) \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,2\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27}{14,2}\cdot100\%\approx38,03\%\\\%m_{Mg}=100\%-38,03\%-45,07\%=16,9\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Chọn A

Đáp án D

Tham khảo

\(n_{SO2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\)

a) \(2Al+6H_2SO_{4đặc}\underrightarrow{t^o}Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3SO_2+6H_2O|\)

       2         6                     1                 3             6

      0,1                                               0,15

b) \(n_{Al}=\dfrac{0,15.2}{3}=0,1\left(mol\right)\)

⇒ \(m_{Al}=0,1.27=2,7\left(g\right)\)

 Chúc bạn học tốt

\(a,PTHH:2Al+6H_2SO_{4\left(đ,n\right)}\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+6H_2O+3SO_2\uparrow\\ b,n_{SO_2}=\dfrac{3,36}{22,4}=0,15\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow n_{Al}=\dfrac{2}{3}n_{SO_2}=0,1\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow m_{Al}=0,1\cdot27=2,7\left(g\right)\)