Bài của lớp 7 ghê vậy!!

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức Cauchy cho 3 số dương x,y,z

ta có bổ đề \((a+b+c)({1\over a}+{1\over b}+{1\over c})\)  >  9

Áp dụng vào ta có

\(D*({2x+y+z\over x}+{2y+x+z\over y}+{2z+y+x\over z})\)  >9(1)

Ta có \({2x+y+z\over x}+{2y+x+z\over y}+{2z+y+x\over z}\) =\(2+{y+z\over x}+2+{z+x\over y}+2+{y+x\over z}\)=\(6-3+{y+z\over x}+1+{z+x\over y}+1+{y+x\over z}+1\)=\(3+{x+y+z\over x}+{y+x+z\over y}+{z+y+x\over z}\)=\(3+(x+y+z)({1\over x}+{1\over y}+{1\over z})\)  >  3+9=12

thay vào(1)

Ta có \(D \) <  \({9\over 12}\)=\({3\over 4}\) 

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi x=y=z 

=> ĐPCM

áp dụng bất đẳng thức phụ : \(\frac{1}{a}+\frac{1}{b}\ge\frac{4}{a+b}\)

\(\frac{x}{2x+y+z}=\frac{x}{x+y+x+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\)

\(\frac{y}{2y+x+z}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{y}{y+x}+\frac{y}{y+z}\right)\)

\(\frac{z}{2z+x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{1}{x+z}+\frac{1}{y+z}\right)\)

cộng vế theo vế

\(\frac{x}{2x+y+z}+\frac{y}{2y+z+x}+\frac{z}{2z+x+y}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x+y}{x+y}+\frac{y+z}{y+z}+\frac{z+x}{z+x}\right)=\frac{1}{4}\cdot3=\frac{3}{4}\)(đpcm)

\(\frac{x}{2x+y+z}=\frac{x}{\left(x+y\right)+\left(x+z\right)}\le\frac{1}{4}\left(\frac{x}{x+y}+\frac{x}{x+z}\right)\le\frac{1}{16}\left(\frac{x}{x}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left(2+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{x}{z}\right)\)

\(tươngtự:\frac{y}{2y+z+x}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(2+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{y}{x}\right);\frac{z}{2z+x+y}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(2+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{z}{y}\right).\text{Cộng vế theo vế ta được:}\frac{x}{2x+y+z}+\frac{y}{2y+z+x}+\frac{z}{2z+y+x}\le\frac{1}{16}\left(2+2+2+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)=\frac{1}{16}\left[6+\left(\frac{x}{y}+\frac{y}{x}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{x}+\frac{x}{z}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z}+\frac{z}{y}\right)\right]\ge\frac{1}{16}\left(6+2\sqrt{\frac{xy}{xy}}+2\sqrt{\frac{xz}{xz}}+2\sqrt{\frac{yz}{yz}}\right)=\)

\(=\frac{12}{16}=\frac{3}{4}\Rightarrow\frac{x}{2x+y+z}+\frac{y}{2y+z+x}+\frac{z}{2z+x+y}\le\frac{3}{4}\left(\text{đpcm}\right)\)

\(VP=\frac{x}{y+z+t}+\frac{y}{z+t+x}+\frac{z}{t+x+y}+\frac{t}{x+y+z}+\frac{y+z+t}{x}+\frac{z+t+x}{y}+\frac{t+x+y}{z}+\frac{x+y+z}{t}=\left(\frac{x}{y+z+t}+\frac{y+z+t}{9x}\right)+\left(\frac{y}{z+t+x}+\frac{z+t+x}{9y}\right)+\left(\frac{z}{t+x+y}+\frac{t+x+y}{9z}\right)+\left(\frac{t}{x+y+z}+\frac{x+y+z}{9t}\right)+\frac{8}{9}\left(\frac{y+z+t}{x}+\frac{z+t+x}{y}+\frac{t+x+y}{z}+\frac{x+y+z}{t}\right)\)\(\ge8\sqrt[8]{\frac{x}{y+z+t}.\frac{y}{z+t+x}.\frac{z}{t+x+y}.\frac{t}{x+y+z}.\frac{y+z+t}{9x}.\frac{z+t+x}{9y}.\frac{t+x+y}{9z}.\frac{x+y+z}{9t}}+\frac{8}{9}\left(\frac{y}{x}+\frac{z}{x}+\frac{t}{x}+\frac{z}{y}+\frac{t}{y}+\frac{x}{y}+\frac{t}{z}+\frac{x}{z}+\frac{y}{z}+\frac{x}{t}+\frac{y}{t}+\frac{z}{t}\right)\)\(\ge\frac{8}{3}+\frac{8}{9}.12\sqrt[12]{\frac{y}{x}.\frac{z}{x}.\frac{t}{x}.\frac{z}{y}.\frac{t}{y}.\frac{x}{y}.\frac{t}{z}.\frac{x}{z}.\frac{y}{z}.\frac{x}{t}.\frac{y}{t}.\frac{z}{t}}=\frac{8}{3}+\frac{8}{9}.12=\frac{40}{3}=VT\left(đpcm\right)\)

Đẳng thức xảy ra khi x = y = z = t > 0 

ta có: \(VT=\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{x^2+y^2+z^2}{z^2+x^2}=3+\frac{z^2}{x^2+y^2}+\frac{x^2}{y^2+z^2}+\frac{y^2}{x^2+z^2}\)

Áp dụng bất đẳng thức cauchy: \(\hept{\begin{cases}x^2+y^2\ge2xy\\y^2+z^2\ge2yz\\z^2+x^2\ge2xz\end{cases}}\)

do đó \(VT\le3+\frac{x^2}{2yz}+\frac{y^2}{2xz}+\frac{z^2}{2xy}=\frac{x^3+y^3+z^3}{2xyz}+3=VF\)

đẳng thức xảy ra khi x=y=z

CÔSI ta có VT<=1/xy+1/zy+1/zx. 

sau đó vẫn áp dụng bất đẳng thức cosi tùng đôi một vế phải đã cho ta sẽ đc điều phải chứng minh

chtt

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