Đáp án C

Ta có y= 3-x≥ 1 nên x≤ 2 do đó : x

Khi đó P= x³+ 2( 3-x) ²+ 3x²+4x( 3-x) -5x= x³+x²-5x+18

Xét hàm số f(x) = x³+x²-5x+18  trên đoạn [0 ; 2] ta có:

f ' ( x ) = 3 x 2 + 2 x - 5 ⇒ f ' ( x ) = 0 x ∈ ( 0 ; 2 ) ⇔

F(0) =18; f(1) = 15; f(2) =20

Vậy giá trị lớn nhất và giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức P  lần lượt bằng 20 và 15.

Chọn B.

Đáp án C

Ta có x + y = 3 ⇒ y = 3 − x ≥ 1 ⇔ x ≤ 2 ⇒ x ∈ 0 ; 2  

Khi đó  P = f x = x 3 + 2 3 − x 2 + 3 x 2 + 4 x 3 − x − 5 x = x 3 + x 2 − 5 x + 18

Xét hàm số f x = x 3 + x 2 − 5 x + 18  trên đoạn 0 ; 2 ,  có f ' x = 3 x 2 + 2 x − 5  

Phương trình 0 ≤ x ≤ 2 3 x 2 + 2 x − 5 = 0 ⇔ x = 1.  Tính f 0 = 18 , f 1 = 15 , f 2 = 20  

Vậy min 0 ; 2 f x = 15 , m a x 0 ; 2 f x = 20  hay P m a x = 20  và  P min = 15

Tìm giá trị nhỏ nhất của biểu thức:

a) Ta có: 

\(M=2x^2+4x+7\)

\(M=2\cdot\left(x^2+2x+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\)

\(M=2\cdot\left(x^2+2x+1+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)

\(M=2\cdot\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+2,5\right]\)

\(M=2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\)

Mà: \(2\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) nên:

\(M=2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra:

\(2\left(x+1\right)^2+5=5\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+1\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x+1=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)

Vậy: \(M_{min}=5\) khi \(x=-1\)

b) Ta có:

\(N=x^2-x+1\)

\(N=x^2-2\cdot\dfrac{1}{2}\cdot x+\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{3}{4}\)

\(N=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Mà: \(\left(x+\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2\ge0\forall x\) nên \(N=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)

Dấu '=" xảy ra: 

\(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Vậy: \(N_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

Tìm giá trị lớn nhất của biểu thức

a) Ta có: 

\(E=-4x^2+x-1\)

\(E=-\left(4x^2-x+1\right)\)

\(E=-\left[\left(2x\right)^2-2\cdot2x\cdot\dfrac{1}{4}+\dfrac{1}{16}+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\)

\(E=-\left[\left(2x-\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\)

Mà: \(\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\ge\dfrac{15}{16}\forall x\) nên 

\(\Rightarrow E=-\left[\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]\le-\dfrac{15}{16}\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra:

\(-\left[\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{16}\right]=-\dfrac{15}{16}\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{16}=-\dfrac{15}{16}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-\left(2x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow2x-\dfrac{1}{4}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{16}\)

Vậy: \(E_{max}=-\dfrac{15}{16}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{1}{16}\)

b) Ta có:

\(F=5x-3x^2+6\)

\(F=-3x^2+5x-6\)

\(F=-\left(3x^2-5x-6\right)\)

\(F=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5}{3}x-2\right)\)

\(F=-3\left[\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2-\dfrac{97}{36}\right]\)

\(F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}\)

Mà: \(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2\le0\forall x\) nên:

\(F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}\le\dfrac{97}{36}\forall x\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra:

\(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{36}=\dfrac{97}{36}\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x-\dfrac{5}{6}=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)

Vậy: \(F_{max}=\dfrac{97}{36}\) khi \(x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)

\(M=2x^2+4x+7\)

\(=2\left(x^2+2x+\dfrac{7}{2}\right)\)

\(=2\left(x^2+2x+1+\dfrac{5}{2}\right)\)

\(=2\left[\left(x+1\right)^2+\dfrac{5}{2}\right]\)

\(=2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\)

Vì \(2\left(x+1\right)^2\ge0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(x+1\right)^2+5\ge5\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow M_{min}=5\Leftrightarrow2\left(x+1\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=-1\)

Tương tự: \(N=x^2-x+1\)

\(=\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2+\dfrac{3}{4}\ge\dfrac{3}{4}\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow N_{min}=\dfrac{3}{4}\Leftrightarrow\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

\(E=-4x^2+x-1\)

\(=-4\left(x^2-\dfrac{1}{4}x+\dfrac{1}{4}\right)\)

\(=-4\left[x^2-2.x.\dfrac{1}{8}+\left(\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2-\left(\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{1}{4}\right]\)

\(=-4\left[\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{15}{64}\right]\)

\(=-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{16}\)

Vì \(-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2\le0\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2-\dfrac{15}{16}\le-\dfrac{15}{16}\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow E_{max}=-\dfrac{15}{16}\Leftrightarrow-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{1}{8}\)

Tương tự: \(F=5x-3x^2+6\)

\(=-3x^2+5x+6\)

\(=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{12}\le\dfrac{97}{12}\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow F_{max}=\dfrac{97}{12}\Leftrightarrow-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{6}\)

\(E=-4x^2+x+1\)

\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x^2-\dfrac{x}{4}\right)+1\)

\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x^2-\dfrac{x}{4}+\dfrac{1}{64}\right)+1+\dfrac{1}{16}\)

\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{16}\)

 mà \(-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2\le0,\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow E=-4\left(x-\dfrac{1}{8}\right)^2+\dfrac{17}{16}\le\dfrac{17}{16}\)

\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(E\right)=\dfrac{17}{16}\left(tạix=\dfrac{1}{8}\right)\)

\(F=5x-3x^2+6\)

\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5x}{3}\right)+6\)

\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x^2-\dfrac{5x}{3}+\dfrac{25}{36}\right)+6+\dfrac{25}{12}\)

\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{12}\)

mà \(-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2\le0,\forall x\)

\(\Rightarrow F=-3\left(x-\dfrac{5}{6}\right)^2+\dfrac{97}{12}\le\dfrac{97}{12}\)

\(\Rightarrow GTLN\left(F\right)=\dfrac{97}{12}\left(tạix=\dfrac{5}{6}\right)\)

E=?

F=?

cau A thay = bằng cộng ạ