Ta có : \(x^4+2x^3-10x^2+10x-3=y^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^4+2x^3-3\right)-\left(10x^2-10x\right)=y^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right).\left(x^3+3x^2-7x+3\right)=y^2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-1\right)^2.\left(x^2+4x-3\right)=y^2\)

Vì \(x,y\inℤ\) nên y² là số chính phương khi 

x² + 4x - 3 là số chính phương

Đặt x² + 4x - 3 = t²

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+t+2\right).\left(x-t+2\right)=7\)

Ta có bảng 

Ta được x = 2 ; x = -6 thỏa 

Với x = 2 <=> y = \(\pm3\)

Với x = -6 <=> y = \(\pm21\)

\(\left(3x+2y\right)\left(2x-y\right)^2=7\left(x+y\right)-2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+2y\right)\left(2x-y\right)^2-7\left(x+y\right)+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+2y\right)\left(2x-y\right)^2-7x-7y+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+2y\right)\left(2x-y\right)^2-\left(9x+6x\right)+\left(2x-y\right)+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(3x+2y\right)\left(2x-y\right)^2-3\left(3x+2y\right)+\left(2x-y\right)+2=0\)

Đặt \(3x+2y\) = a ,đặt \(2x-y\) = b, ta có:

\(ab^2-3a+b+2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(b^2-3\right)=-2-b\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=\dfrac{-2-b}{b^2-3}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a=\dfrac{b+2}{3-b^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow a\left(2-b\right)=\dfrac{4-b^2}{3-b^2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a\left(2-b\right)=\dfrac{3-b^2+1}{3-b^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow a\left(2-b\right)=1+\dfrac{1}{3-b^2}\\ \Leftrightarrow1⋮3-b^2\\ \Leftrightarrow b^2-3\in\left\{1;-1\right\}\\ \Leftrightarrow b^2\in\left\{4;2\right\}\\ \)

mà 2 không chính phương

\(\Rightarrow b\in\left\{2;-2\right\}\Rightarrow a=0\)

đến đây bạn tự giải tiếp

\(x^4+2x^3+3x^2+2x=y^2-y\)

\(\Leftrightarrow x^4+x^2+1+2x^3+2x^2+2x=y^2-y+1\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x+1\right)^2=\left(y-\frac{1}{2}\right)^2+\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x+1-y+\frac{1}{2}\right)\left(x^2+x+1+y-\frac{1}{2}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x^2+x-y+\frac{3}{2}\right)\left(x^2+x+y+\frac{1}{2}\right)=\frac{3}{4}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2x^2+2x-2y+3\right)\left(2x^2+2x+2y+1\right)=3\)

Đến đây chắc khó.

\(a,\left(x-6\right)\left(2x-5\right)\left(3x+9\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-6=0\Leftrightarrow x=6\\2x-5=0\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\3x+9=0\Leftrightarrow x=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(b,2x\left(x-3\right)+5\left(x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(2x+5\right)\left(x-3\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\Leftrightarrow x=3\\2x+5=0\Leftrightarrow x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(c,x^2-4-\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2-3+2x\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x=-7\left(2m-5\right)x-2m^2+8\Leftrightarrow x+7\left(2m-5\right)=8-2m^2\Leftrightarrow x\left(14m-34\right)=8-2m^2\)

\(ycđb\Leftrightarrow14m-34\ne0\Leftrightarrow m\ne\dfrac{34}{14}\)\(\Rightarrow x=\dfrac{8-2m^2}{14m-34}\)

\(3.17\Leftrightarrow4x^2-4x+1-2x-1=0\Leftrightarrow4x^2-6x=0\Leftrightarrow x\left(4x-6\right)=0\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3.15:

a, \(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-6=0\\2x-5=0\\3x+9=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=\dfrac{5}{2}\\x=-\dfrac{9}{3}=-3\end{matrix}\right.\)

b, \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-3\right)\left(2x+5\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-3=0\\2x+5=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=3\\x=-\dfrac{5}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)

c, \(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2\right)-\left(x-2\right)\left(3-2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(x+2-3+2x\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x-2=0\\3x-1=0\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=\dfrac{1}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

3.16

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(2m-5\right).-7-2m^2+8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-14m+35-2m^2+8=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-14m-2m^2+43=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow-2\left(7m+m^2\right)=-43\)

\(\Leftrightarrow m\left(7-m\right)=\dfrac{43}{2}\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{m\left(7-m\right)}{1}-\dfrac{43}{2}=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{14m-2m^2}{2}-\dfrac{43}{2}=0\)

pt vô nghiệm

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