a) Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2ab+2ac+2bc=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2a^2bc+2ab^2c+2abc^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=4\left[a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(b+a+c\right)\right]\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)-2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)

b) Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Rightarrow2abc\left(a+b+c\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow2a^2bc+2ab^2c+2abc^2=0\)

Ta lại có:

\(a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)^2\)(chứng minh câu a)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2c^2a^2+4a^2bc+4ab^2c+4abc^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2a^2bc+2ab^2c+2abc^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)^2\)

c) Ta có: \(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a=-\left(b+c\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2=b^2+c^2+2bc\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2-b^2-c^2=2bc\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4-2a^2b^2-2a^2c^2+2b^2c^2=4b^2c^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=4b^2c^2+2a^2b^2+2a^2c^2-2b^2c^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2a^2b^2+2a^2c^2+2b^2c^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+a^4+b^4+c^4=a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2a^2c^2+2b^2c^2\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right):2\)

(Nhớ k cho mình với nhá!)

Bỏ đi phần a=b=c =0 mới giải được nha .

Ta có :

Bình phương 2 vế của a+b+c =0   ta được :

\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)(1)

Bình phương 2 vế của (1) ta được :

\(a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)

\(=4\left[a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2+2abc\left(a+b+c\right)\right]\)

\(=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)

co a+b+c=0 =>b+c=-a

suy ra (b+c)²=(-a)²  hay b²+2bc+c² =a²

hay b²+c²-a² =-2bc

Suy ra (b² + c² - a² )² =( -2bc)²

<=> b⁴ +c⁴ +a⁴ +2b²c² -2a²b² -2a²c² = 4b²c²

<=> a⁴+b⁴+c⁴ =2a²b²+2b²c²+2c²a²

<=> 2(a⁴+b⁴+c⁴) = a⁴+b⁴+c⁴+2a²b²+2b²c²+2c²a²

<=> a²+b²+c² =2(a⁴+b⁴+c⁴) (dpcm)

Giá trị này trong nào chả bằng 0

a + b + c = 0
<=> (a + b + c)² = 0
<=> a² + b² + c² + 2(ab + bc + ca) = 0
<=> a² + b² + c² = -2(ab + bc + ca) (1)

CẦn chứng minh:

2(a^4 + b^4 + c^4) = (a² + b² + c²)²

<=> 2(a^4 + b^4 + c^4) = a^4 + b^4 + c^4 + 2(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²)

<=> a^4 + b^4 + c^4 = 2(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²)

<=> (a² + b² + c²)² = 4(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²) ---(cộng 2 vế cho 2(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²) )

<=> [-2(ab + bc + ca)]² = 4(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²) ----(do (1))

<=> 4.(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²) + 8.(ab²c + bc²a + a²bc) = 4(a²b² + b²c² + c²a²)

<=> 8.(ab²c + bc²a + a²bc) = 0

<=> 8abc.(a + b + c) = 0

<=> 0 = 0 (đúng), Vì a + b + c = 0

=> Đpcm

a + b + c = 0

\(\Leftrightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)

\(\Leftrightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2.\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\left(1\right)\)

Cần phải chứng minh

2.(a⁴ + b⁴ + c⁴)=(a²+b²+c²)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 2.(a⁴ - b⁴+c⁴)=a⁴+b⁴+c⁴+2.(a²b²+b²c²+c²a²)

\(\Leftrightarrow\)a⁴ +b⁴+c⁴=2.(a²b²+b²c²+c²a²)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) (a² + b² +c² ) = 4(a²b²+b²c² +c²a²)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) [ -2.(ab+bc+ca)² ] = 4(a²b²+b²c² +c²a²)

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 4(a²b²+b²c² +c²a²)+8.(ab²c +bc²a+a²bc)=4.(a²b+b²c²+c²+a²

^{\(\Leftrightarrow\)} 8(ab²c+bc²a+a²bc)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\)8abc.(a+b+c)=0

\(\Leftrightarrow\) 0 =0 (đúng ) Vì a +b +c =0

=> ĐPCM

Ta có :

\(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a+b+c\right)^2=0^2\)

\(a^2+b^2+c^2+2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^2+b^2+c^2=-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2=\left[-2\left(ab+bc+ca\right)\right]^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+a^2c^2+2ab^2c+2abc^2+2a^2bc\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4a^2c^2+8ab^2c+8abc^2+8a^2bc\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4a^2c^2+8abc\left(a+b+c\right)\)

Mà \(a+b+c=0\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2=4a^2b^2+4b^2c^2+4a^2c^2\)

Bớt cả 2 vế đi\(2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2\)có :

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2\)

Lại cộng cả 2 vế cho \(a^4+b^4+c^4;\)có :

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4+a^4+b^4+c^4=+a^4+b^4+c^4+2a^2b^2+2b^2c^2+2a^2c^2\)

\(\Rightarrow2\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\)

\(\Rightarrow a^4+b^4+c^4=\frac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2}{2}\)

Vậy ...

b) Áp dụng bđt Holder ta có:

\(\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\right)\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\right)\left(a^2\left(b+c\right)^2+b^2\left(c+a\right)^2+c^2\left(a+b\right)^2\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3\)

Lại có \(a^2\left(b+c\right)^2+b^2\left(c+a\right)^2+c^2\left(a+b\right)^2\le2a^2\left(b^2+c^2\right)+2b^2\left(c^2+a^2\right)+2c^2\left(a^2+b^2\right)=4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{a^2}{b+c}+\dfrac{b^2}{c+a}+\dfrac{c^2}{a+b}\ge\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}{4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}}\).

Ta chỉ cần chứng minh: \(\dfrac{\sqrt[4]{27\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)}}{2}\le\sqrt{\dfrac{\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3}{4\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)}}\Leftrightarrow27\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)^2\le\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3\).

Áp dụng bđt AM - GM ta có \(27\left(a^4+b^4+c^4\right)\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)^2\le\left(a^4+b^4+c^4+2\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\right)=\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^2\).

Vậy ta có đpcm.

a) Câu này cũng tương tự: Áp dụng bđt Holder ta có:

\(\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\right)\left(\dfrac{a^2}{b}+\dfrac{b^2}{c}+\dfrac{c^2}{a}\right)\left(a^2b^2+b^2c^2+c^2a^2\right)\ge\left(a^2+b^2+c^2\right)^3\).

Đến đây làm tương tự là ok