Lời giải:

Ta thấy $B$ có 11 số hạng. Mỗi số hạng phía trước $\frac{1}{22}$ đều lớn hơn $\frac{1}{22}$

Do đó $B> 11.\frac{1}{22}=\frac{1}{2}$ (đpcm)

Lần sau bạn lưu ý gõ đề bằng công thức toán (biểu tượng $\sum$ góc trái khung soạn thảo) để mọi người hiểu đề của bạn hơn nhé. 

a. ( 23 - 21) + ( 19 - 17) + ( 15 - 13) + ( 11 - 9) + ( 7 - 5) + ( 3 - 1) 

= 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 

= 2 x 6

= 12

b. ( 24 - 22 ) + ( 20 - 18 ) + ( 16 - 14 ) + ( 12 - 10) + ( 8 - 6 ) + ( 4 - 2) 

= 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 + 2 

= 2 x 6 

= 12

Bài 1:

a; \(\dfrac{5}{18}\) + \(\dfrac{8}{19}\) - \(\dfrac{7}{21}\) + (- \(\dfrac{10}{36}\) + \(\dfrac{11}{19}\)  + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)) - \(\dfrac{5}{8}\)

=  \(\dfrac{5}{18}\) + \(\dfrac{8}{19}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) -\(\dfrac{10}{36}\) + \(\dfrac{11}{19}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{8}\)

= (\(\dfrac{5}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{10}{36}\)) + (\(\dfrac{8}{19}\) + \(\dfrac{11}{19}\)) - (\(\dfrac{1}{3}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{3}\)) - \(\dfrac{5}{8}\)

= (\(\dfrac{5}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{18}\)) + \(\dfrac{19}{19}\) - 0 - \(\dfrac{5}{8}\)

= 0 + 1 - \(\dfrac{5}{8}\)

= \(\dfrac{3}{8}\)

b; \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) + (\(\dfrac{-5}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) + \(\dfrac{12}{17}\)) - (\(\dfrac{12}{17}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{18}\) + \(\dfrac{7}{5}\))

= \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{13}\) + \(\dfrac{12}{17}\) - \(\dfrac{12}{17}\) + \(\dfrac{5}{18}\) - \(\dfrac{7}{5}\)

= (\(\dfrac{1}{13}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{13}\)) + (\(\dfrac{12}{17}\) - \(\dfrac{12}{17}\)) + (-\(\dfrac{5}{18}\) + \(\dfrac{5}{18}\)) - \(\dfrac{7}{5}\)

= 0 + 0 + 0 - \(\dfrac{7}{5}\)

= - \(\dfrac{7}{5}\)

Bài 1 c;

   \(\dfrac{15}{14}\) - (\(\dfrac{17}{23}\) - \(\dfrac{80}{87}\) + \(\dfrac{5}{4}\)) + (\(\dfrac{17}{23}\) - \(\dfrac{15}{14}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\))

=  \(\dfrac{15}{14}\) - \(\dfrac{17}{23}\) + \(\dfrac{80}{87}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{4}\) + \(\dfrac{17}{23}\) - \(\dfrac{15}{14}\) + \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)

= (\(\dfrac{15}{14}-\dfrac{15}{14}\)) + (\(-\dfrac{17}{23}+\dfrac{17}{23}\)) - (\(\dfrac{5}{4}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{4}\)) + \(\dfrac{80}{87}\)

= 0 + 0 - 1 + \(\dfrac{80}{87}\)

= - \(\dfrac{7}{87}\)

Bài 1 d; 

   \(\dfrac{1}{25}\) - \(\dfrac{4}{27}\) + (-\(\dfrac{23}{27}\) + \(\dfrac{-1}{25}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{43}\)) + \(\dfrac{5}{43}\) - \(\dfrac{4}{7}\)

= \(\dfrac{1}{25}\) - \(\dfrac{4}{27}\) - \(\dfrac{23}{27}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{25}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{43}\) + \(\dfrac{5}{43}\) - \(\dfrac{4}{7}\)

= (\(\dfrac{1}{25}\) - \(\dfrac{1}{25}\)) - (\(\dfrac{4}{27}\) + \(\dfrac{23}{27}\)) - (\(\dfrac{5}{43}\) - \(\dfrac{5}{43}\)) - \(\dfrac{4}{7}\)

= 0 - 1 - 0 - \(\dfrac{4}{7}\)

= \(\dfrac{-11}{7}\)

Ta có các phân số 1/11 ; 1/12 ; 1/13 ; 1/14 ; 1/15 ; 1/16 ; 1/17 ; 1/18 ; 1/19 đều lớn hơn 1/20

Do đó : 1/11 + 1/12 + 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1/16 + 1/17 + 1/18 + 1/19 + 1/20 > 1/20 + 1/20 + ;...+ 1/20 ( có 10 phân số 1/20 )

1/11 + 1/12 + 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1 /16 + 1/17 + 1/18 + 1/19 + 1/20 > 10/20

1/11 + 1/12 + 1/13 + 1/14 + 1/15 + 1 /16 + 1/17 + 1/18 + 1/19 + 1/20 > 1/2

Vậy : S > 1/2

S>\(\frac{1}{2}\)

s>1/2

\(S=\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{12}+...+\frac{1}{20}\)

\(>\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{20}+...+\frac{1}{20}\)(10 số hạng) 

\(=10.\frac{1}{20}=\frac{1}{2}\).

Vậy \(S>\frac{1}{2}\).

Ta có:\(\frac{1}{11}>\frac{1}{20};\frac{1}{12}>\frac{1}{20};\frac{1}{13}>\frac{1}{20};....;\frac{1}{19}>\frac{1}{20}\)

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{12}+\frac{1}{13}+...+\frac{1}{20}>\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{20}+\frac{1}{20}+...+\frac{1}{20}\)(Có 10 phân số \(\frac{1}{20}\))

\(\Rightarrow\frac{1}{11}+\frac{1}{12}+...+\frac{1}{20}>\frac{10}{20}\)\(\Leftrightarrow S>\frac{10}{20}\)

Mà \(\frac{10}{20}=\frac{1}{2}\)nên

\(\Rightarrow S>\frac{1}{2}\)

ta thấy: 1/11;1/12;1/13;...;1/19;1/20 đều >1/20

=>1/11+1/12+...1/19+1/20>1/20+1/20...+1/20

1/11+1/12+...1/19+1/20>10/20

1/11+1/12+...1/19+1/20>1/2 vậy S>1/2

1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10=55

11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19+20=155

1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14 +15+16+17+18+19+20+21+22+23+24+25+26+27+28+29+30-50-53=362

1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10=55

11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19+20=155

1+2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9+10+11+12+13+14+15+16+17+18+19+20+21+22+23+24+25+26+27+28+29+30-50-53=362