Bài 1:
a) \(x^3-16x=x\left(x-4\right)\left(x+4\right)\)
b) \(3x^2+3y^2-6xy-12=3\left(x^2-2xy+y^2-4\right)=3\left(x-y-2\right)\left(x-y+2\right)\)
c) \(x^2+6x+5=\left(x+1\right)\left(x+5\right)\)
d) \(x^4+x^3+2x^2+x+1=\left(x^2+x+1\right)\left(x^2+1\right)\)
Bài 2:
a) Ta có: \(\left(x+6\right)^2=144\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x+6=12\\x+6=-12\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x=-18\end{matrix}\right.\)
b) Ta có: \(x^3+27+\left(x+3\right)\left(x-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9\right)+\left(x+3\right)\left(x-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x+3\right)\left(x^2-3x+9+x-9\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x\left(x+3\right)\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=0\\x=-3\\x=2\end{matrix}\right.\)
c) Ta có: \(2x^2-x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x^2-4x+3x-6=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2x\left(x-2\right)+3\left(x-2\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left(x-2\right)\left(2x+3\right)=0\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=2\\x=-\dfrac{3}{2}\end{matrix}\right.\)