a) \(\dfrac{9x-7}{\sqrt{7x+5}}=\sqrt{7x+5}\) (1)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x-7=\sqrt{\left(7x+5\right)\left(7x+5\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x-\sqrt{\left(7x+5\right)\left(7x+5\right)}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x-\sqrt{\left(7x+5\right)^2}=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow9x-\left|7x+5\right|=7\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}9x-\left(7x+5\right)=7\left(đk:7x+5\ge0\right)\\9x-\left[-\left(7x+5\right)\right]=7\left(đk:7x+5< 0\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\left(đk:x\ge-\dfrac{5}{7}\right)\\x=\dfrac{1}{8}\left(đk:x< -\dfrac{5}{7}\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}x=6\\x\in\varnothing\end{matrix}\right.\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=6\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (1) là \(S=\left\{6\right\}\)
b) \(\sqrt{4x-20}+3\sqrt{\dfrac{x+5}{9}}-\dfrac{1}{3}\sqrt{9x-45}=4\) (2)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4\left(x-5\right)}+3\cdot\dfrac{\sqrt{x+5}}{3}-\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\sqrt{9\left(x-5\right)}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{4}\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x+5}-\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot\sqrt{9}\sqrt{x-5}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x+5}-\dfrac{1}{3}\cdot3\sqrt{x-5}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow2\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x+5}-\sqrt{x-5}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}+\sqrt{x+5}=4\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x-5}=4-\sqrt{x+5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-5=\left(4-\sqrt{x+5}\right)^2\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x-5=16-8\sqrt{x+5}+x+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-5=16-8\sqrt{x+5}+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow-5=21-8\sqrt{x+5}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\sqrt{x+5}=21+5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow8\sqrt{x+5}=26\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{x+5}=\dfrac{13}{4}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x+5=\dfrac{169}{16}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{169}{16}-5\)
\(\Leftrightarrow x=\dfrac{89}{16}\)
Vậy tập nghiệm phương trình (2) là \(S=\left\{\dfrac{89}{16}\right\}\)