\(a+\dfrac{1}{a}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^2=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}=9\)
\(\Rightarrow a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}=7\)
\(a+\dfrac{1}{a}=3\)
\(\Rightarrow\left(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)^3=27\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+\dfrac{1}{a^3}+3a.\dfrac{1}{a}\left(a+\dfrac{1}{a}\right)=27\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+\dfrac{1}{a^3}+3.3=27\)
\(\Rightarrow a^3+\dfrac{1}{a^3}=18\)
\(\left(a^2+\dfrac{1}{a^2}\right)\left(a^3+\dfrac{1}{a^3}\right)=7.18=126\)
\(\Rightarrow a^5+\dfrac{1}{a}+a+\dfrac{1}{a^5}=126\)
\(\Rightarrow a^5+3+\dfrac{1}{a^5}=126\)
\(\Rightarrow a^5+\dfrac{1}{a^5}=123\)