\(54=7q+r\)
\(\Rightarrow54-r=7q\)
Mà \(0\le r< 7\)
\(\Rightarrow7q\in\left\{54;53;52;51;50;49;48\right\}\)
\(\Rightarrow q\in\left\{\dfrac{54}{7};\dfrac{53}{7};\dfrac{52}{7};\dfrac{51}{7};\dfrac{50}{7};7;\dfrac{48}{7}\right\}\)
Mà \(q\in N\)
\(\Rightarrow q=7\Rightarrow r=54-7q=54-7.7=5\)
Vậy \(q=7;r=5\)