a) \(m_X=0,1\cdot64+0,2\cdot27+0,3\cdot24=19\left(g\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Cu}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot64\cdot100}{19}=34\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,2\cdot27\cdot100}{19}=28\%\)
\(\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=100\%-34\%-28\%=38\%\)
b) \(Cu+2HCl\rightarrow CuCl_2+H_2\) (1)
\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\) (2)
\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\) (3)
\(n_{HCl\left(1\right)}=2n_{Cu}=2\cdot0,1=0,2\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{6\cdot n_{Al}}{2}=3\cdot0,2=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(n_{HCl\left(3\right)}=2n_{Mg}=2\cdot0,3=0,6\left(mol\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow m_{HCl}=\left(0,2+0,6+0,6\right)\cdot36,5=51,1\left(g\right)\)
\(n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=n_{Cu}=0,1\left(mol\right);n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{3\cdot0,2}{2}=0,3\left(mol\right);n_{H_2\left(3\right)}=n_{Mg}=0,3\left(mol\right)\)
\(V_{H_2\left(dkc\right)}=\left(0,1+0,3+0,3\right)\cdot24,79=17,353\left(l\right)\)