`(1):`
`A=(x+y)^{2}-x^{3}-y^{3}`
`=(x+y)^{2}-(x^{3}+y^{3})`
`=(x+y)^{2}-(x+y)(x^{2}-xy+y^{2})`
`=(x+y)(x+y-x^{2}+xy-y^{2})`
``
`(2):`
`A=x^{3}+1-x^{2}-x`
`=(x^{3}-x^{2})-(x-1)`
`=x^{2}(x-1)-(x-1)`
`=(x-1)(x^{2}-1)`
`=(x-1)^{2}(x+1)`
`(4):`
`A=x^{3}-4x^{2}+8x-8`
`=(x^{3}-2^{3})-(4x^{2}-8x)`
`=(x-2)(x^{2}+2x+4)-4x(x-2)`
`=(x-2)(x^{2}+2x+4-4x)`
`=(x-2)(x^{2}-2x+4)`
2: =(x+1)(x^2-x+1)-x(x+1)
=(x+1)(x^2-2x+1)
=(x+1)(x-1)^2
4: \(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2+2x+4\right)-4x\left(x-2\right)\)
\(=\left(x-2\right)\left(x^2-2x+4\right)\)