1) rút gọn biểu thức sau :
a) \(\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\) b) \(\dfrac{4y+3\sqrt{y}-7}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\) c ) \(\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
d) \(\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}-4}{x-\sqrt{x}-12}\) e) \(\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{1+\sqrt{y}}\) ( với x>0 , y>0 )
f) \(\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\) g) \(\sqrt{9-2\sqrt{4}}-\sqrt{9+2\sqrt{14}}\)
\(a,\dfrac{x+2\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+3\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{x}-3}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)-\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)\left(\sqrt{x}-1\right)}{\sqrt{x}-1}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{x}+3\)
\(b,\dfrac{4y+3\sqrt{y}-7}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{4y+7\sqrt{y}-4\sqrt{y}-7}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{y}.\left(4\sqrt{y}\right)-\left(4\sqrt{y}+7\right)}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(4\sqrt{y}+7\right).\left(\sqrt{y}-1\right)}{4\sqrt{y}+7}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{y}-1\)
\(c,\dfrac{x\sqrt{y}-y\sqrt{x}}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{xy}.\left(\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}\right)}{\sqrt{x}-\sqrt{y}}\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{xy}\)
\(d,\dfrac{x-3\sqrt{x}-4}{x-\sqrt{x}-12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{x+\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}-4}{x+3\sqrt{x}-4\sqrt{x}-12}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}.\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)-4\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right)}{\sqrt{x}.\left(x+3\right)-4\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\left(\sqrt{x}+1\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)}{\left(\sqrt{x}+3\right).\left(\sqrt{x}-4\right)}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{\sqrt{x}+1}{\sqrt{x}+3}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{x-2\sqrt{x}-3}{x-9}\)
\(e,\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{1+\sqrt{4}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{1+2}\)
\(\Rightarrow\dfrac{1+\sqrt{x}+\sqrt{y}+\sqrt{xy}}{3}\)
\(f,\sqrt{8-2\sqrt{15}}+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{3}-\sqrt{5}\right)^2}+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{5}+\sqrt{3}\)
\(\Rightarrow2\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{3}+\sqrt{3}\)
\(g,\sqrt{9-2\sqrt{4}}-\sqrt{9+2\sqrt{14}}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{9-2\times2}-\sqrt{\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{7}\right)^2}\)
\(\Leftrightarrow\sqrt{9-4}-\left(\sqrt{2}+\sqrt{7}\right)\)
\(\Rightarrow\sqrt{5}-\sqrt{2}-\sqrt{7}\)